Pharyngoesophageal motility reflex mechanisms in the human neonate: importance of integrative cross-systems physiology

Swallowing is a critical function for survival and development in human neonates and requires cross-system coordination between neurological, airway, and digestive motility systems. Development of pharyngoesophageal motility is influenced by intra- and extrauterine development, pregnancy complicatio...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:American journal of physiology: Gastrointestinal and liver physiology 2021-08, Vol.321 (2), p.G139-G148
Main Authors: Sultana, Zakia, Hasenstab, Kathryn A., Jadcherla, Sudarshan R.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Dysphagia
Gastroesophageal reflux
Homeostasis
Mini-Review
Motility
Neonates
Physiology
Pregnancy complications
Respiratory tract
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Summary:Swallowing is a critical function for survival and development in human neonates and requires cross-system coordination between neurological, airway, and digestive motility systems. Development of pharyngoesophageal motility is influenced by intra- and extrauterine development, pregnancy complications, and neonatal comorbidities. The primary role of these motility reflex mechanisms is to maintain aerodigestive homeostasis under basal and adaptive biological conditions including oral feeding, gastroesophageal reflux, and sleep. Failure may result in feeding difficulties, airway compromise, dysphagia, aspiration syndromes, and chronic eating difficulties requiring prolonged tube feeding. We review the integration of cross-systems physiology to describe the basis for physiological and pathophysiological neonatal aerodigestive functions.
ISSN:0193-1857
1522-1547
DOI:10.1152/ajpgi.00480.2020