Neutralizing antibodies for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) initiates the infection process by binding to the viral cellular receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 through the receptor-binding domain (RBD) in the S1 subunit of the viral spike (S) protein. This event is followed by virus–cell memb...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cellular & molecular immunology 2021-10, Vol.18 (10), p.2293-2306
Main Authors: Du, Lanying, Yang, Yang, Zhang, Xiujuan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
631/250/251
631/250/255/2514
ACE2
Angiotensin
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
Animals
Antibodies
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized - chemistry
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized - therapeutic use
Antibodies, Neutralizing - chemistry
Antibodies, Neutralizing - therapeutic use
Antibodies, Viral - chemistry
Antibodies, Viral - therapeutic use
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cell fusion
Cell membranes
Clinical Trials as Topic
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
COVID-19 Drug Treatment
Drug Approval
Drug Combinations
Humans
Immunology
Medical Microbiology
Membrane fusion
Microbiology
Monoclonal antibodies
Peptidyl-dipeptidase A
Proteins
Review
Review Article
SARS-CoV-2 - chemistry
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - chemistry
Therapeutic targets
Vaccine
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) initiates the infection process by binding to the viral cellular receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 through the receptor-binding domain (RBD) in the S1 subunit of the viral spike (S) protein. This event is followed by virus–cell membrane fusion mediated by the S2 subunit, which allows virus entry into the host cell. Therefore, the SARS-CoV-2 S protein is a key therapeutic target, and prevention and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have focused on the development of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (nAbs) that target this protein. In this review, we summarize the nAbs targeting SARS-CoV-2 proteins that have been developed to date, with a focus on the N-terminal domain and RBD of the S protein. We also describe the roles that binding affinity, neutralizing activity, and protection provided by these nAbs play in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 and discuss the potential to improve nAb efficiency against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants. This review provides important information for the development of effective nAbs with broad-spectrum activity against current and future SARS-CoV-2 strains.
ISSN:1672-7681
2042-0226
DOI:10.1038/s41423-021-00752-2