Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors: a practical guide for the Dutch cardiologist based on real-world experience

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors include a relatively new class of glucose-lowering drugs that reduce plasma glucose concentrations by inhibiting proximal tubular reabsorption of glucose in the kidney, while increasing its excretion in urine. Recent large randomised controlled trial...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Netherlands heart journal 2021-10, Vol.29 (10), p.490-499
Main Authors: Zwart, K., Velthuis, S., Polyukhovych, Y. V., Mosterd, A., Smidt, L., Serné, E. H., van Raalte, D. H., Elders, P. J. M., Handoko, M. L., Oldenburg-Ligtenberg, P. C.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amputation
Cardiology
Cardiovascular disease
Diabetes
Diuretics
Ejection fraction
Glucose
Heart failure
Hospitalization
Hyperglycemia
Infections
Insulin
Kidney diseases
Medical Education
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Original
Original Article
Patients
Sodium
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Summary:Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors include a relatively new class of glucose-lowering drugs that reduce plasma glucose concentrations by inhibiting proximal tubular reabsorption of glucose in the kidney, while increasing its excretion in urine. Recent large randomised controlled trials have demonstrated that many of these agents reduce the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events, hospitalisation for heart failure, cardiovascular death and/or chronic kidney disease progression in patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Given their unique insulin-independent mode of action and favourable efficacy and adverse-event profile, SGLT2 inhibitors are promising and they offer an interesting therapeutic approach for the cardiologist to incorporate into routine practice. However, despite accumulating data supporting this class of therapy, cardiologists infrequently prescribe SGLT2 inhibitors, potentially due to a lack of familiarity with their use and the reticence to change DM medication. Here, we provide an up-to-date practical guide highlighting important elements of treatment initiation based on real-world evidence and expert opinion. We describe how to change DM medication, including insulin dosing when appropriate, and how to anticipate any adverse events based on real-world experience in patients with DM2 in the Meander Medical Centre in Amersfoort, the Netherlands. This includes a simple algorithm showing how to initiate SGLT2 inhibitor treatment safely, while considering the consequence of the glucosuric effects of these inhibitors for the individual patient.
ISSN:1568-5888
1876-6250
DOI:10.1007/s12471-021-01580-9