Novel Microsatellite Markers Used for Determining Genetic Diversity and Tracing of Wild and Farmed Populations of the Amazonian Giant Fish Arapaima gigas

The Amazonian symbol fish is the only living representative of the Arapamidae family. Environmental pressures and illegal fishing threaten the species' survival. To protect wild populations, a national regulation must be developed for the management of throughout the Amazon basin. Moreover, the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Genes 2021-08, Vol.12 (9), p.1324
Main Authors: Fazzi-Gomes, Paola Fabiana, Aguiar, Jonas da Paz, Marques, Diego, Fonseca Cabral, Gleyce, Moreira, Fabiano Cordeiro, Rodrigues, Marilia Danyelle Nunes, Silva, Caio Santos, Hamoy, Igor, Santos, Sidney
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Aquaculture
Arapaima gigas
Brazil
Discriminant analysis
DNA fingerprinting
Domestication
Endangered & extinct species
Farming
Farms
Fish
Fisheries
Fishes - genetics
Genetic diversity
Genetic markers
Genetic Variation
Genetics, Population
Inbreeding
Microsatellite Repeats - genetics
Microsatellites
Polymorphism
Population
Population genetics
Sustainable development
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Summary:The Amazonian symbol fish is the only living representative of the Arapamidae family. Environmental pressures and illegal fishing threaten the species' survival. To protect wild populations, a national regulation must be developed for the management of throughout the Amazon basin. Moreover, the reproductive genetic management and recruitment of additional founders by aquaculture farms are needed to mitigate the damage caused by domestication. To contribute to the sustainable development, we investigated the genetic diversity of wild and cultivated populations of and developed a panel composed by 12 microsatellite markers for individual and population genetic tracing. We analyzed 368 samples from three wild and four farmed populations. The results revealed low rates of genetic diversity in all populations, loss of genetic diversity and high inbreeding rates in farmed populations, and genetic structuring among wild and farmed populations. Genetic tracing using the 12 microsatellite markers was effective, and presented a better performance in identifying samples at the population level. The 12-microsatellite panel is appliable to the legal aspects of the trade of the , such as origin discrimination, reproductive genetic management by DNA profiling, and evaluation and monitoring of genetic diversity.
ISSN:2073-4425
2073-4425
DOI:10.3390/genes12091324