Oscillatory alpha power at rest reveals an independent self: A cross-cultural investigation

• Published in: Biological psychology 2021-07, Vol.163, p.108118-108118, Article 108118
• Main Authors: Kraus, Brian, Salvador, Cristina E., Kamikubo, Aya, Hsiao, Nai-Ching, Hu, Jon-Fan, Karasawa, Mayumi, Kitayama, Shinobu
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Alpha power; Cross-cultural neuroscience; EEG; Resting-state; Self-construal
• ISSN: 0301-0511; 1873-6246
• DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2021.108118

•We correlated oscillatory resting-state alpha power with self-construal scores.•Independent self-construal predicted alpha oscillations when the eyes were closed.•The overall power differences in alpha oscillations were inconsistent across cultures.•Alpha oscillations at rest contain information relevant to the personal self. In the current cultural psychology literature, it is commonly assumed that the personal self is cognitively more salient for those with an independent (vs. interdependent) self-construal (SC). So far, however, this assumption remains largely untested. Here, we drew on evidence that resting state alpha power (RSAP) reflects mental processes constituting the personal self, and tested whether RSAP is positively correlated with independent (vs. interdependent) SC. Study 1 tested European Americans and Taiwanese, whereas Study 2 tested European Americans and Japanese (total N = 164). A meta-analysis performed on the combined data confirmed a reliable association between independent (vs. interdependent) SC and RSAP. However, this association was only reliable when participants had their eyes closed. Even though European Americans were consistently more independent than East Asians, RSAP was no greater for European Americans than for East Asians. Our data helps explore a missing link in the theorizing of contemporary cultural psychology.