Factors Regulating the Activity of LINE1 Retrotransposons

LINE-1 (L1) is a class of autonomous mobile genetic elements that form somatic mosaicisms in various tissues of the organism. The activity of L1 retrotransposons is strictly controlled by many factors in somatic and germ cells at all stages of ontogenesis. Alteration of L1 activity was noted in a nu...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Genes 2021-09, Vol.12 (10), p.1562
Main Authors: Protasova, Maria Sergeevna, Andreeva, Tatiana Vladimirovna, Rogaev, Evgeny Ivanovich
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Autoimmune diseases
Cell cycle
Cytoplasm
DNA repair
Epigenetics
Evolution
Evolution, Molecular
Fish
Gene expression
Gene silencing
Genomes
Germ cells
Humans
Long Interspersed Nucleotide Elements
Mammals
Mental disorders
Mutation
Nervous System Diseases - genetics
Nervous System Diseases - metabolism
Post-transcription
Proteins
Reptiles & amphibians
Retrotransposition
Review
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:LINE-1 (L1) is a class of autonomous mobile genetic elements that form somatic mosaicisms in various tissues of the organism. The activity of L1 retrotransposons is strictly controlled by many factors in somatic and germ cells at all stages of ontogenesis. Alteration of L1 activity was noted in a number of diseases: in neuropsychiatric and autoimmune diseases, as well as in various forms of cancer. Altered activity of L1 retrotransposons for some pathologies is associated with epigenetic changes and defects in the genes involved in their repression. This review discusses the molecular genetic mechanisms of the retrotransposition and regulation of the activity of L1 elements. The contribution of various factors controlling the expression and distribution of L1 elements in the genome occurs at all stages of the retrotransposition. The regulation of L1 elements at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional and integration into the genome stages is described in detail. Finally, this review also focuses on the evolutionary aspects of L1 accumulation and their interplay with the host regulation system.
ISSN:2073-4425
2073-4425
DOI:10.3390/genes12101562