Incorporating Post-Cessation Weight-Control Coaching into Smoking Cessation Therapy to Reduce Type 2 Diabetes Risk

Post-cessation weight gain (PCWG) facilitates short-term type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk in prediabetic smokers in the absence of complementary measures. In this shared decision-making-based non-randomized controlled trial, prediabetic smokers joined the Fight Tobacco and Stay Fit (FIT2) program or recei...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients 2021-09, Vol.13 (10), p.3360
Main Authors: Chiang, Chien-Hsieh, Sheu, Yi-Han, Guo, Fei-Ran, Lin, Wan-Wan, Chen, Guan-Ru, Huang, Kuo-Chin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Blood pressure
Carbon monoxide
Cigarette smoking
Counseling
Decision making
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent)
Diet
Dietitians
Drug addiction
Drug therapy
Glucose
Health risks
Hypertension
Laboratories
Lifestyles
Medical records
Physical activity
Physical fitness
Plasma
Risk
Smoking
Smoking cessation
Statistical analysis
Survival analysis
Tobacco
Womens health
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Summary:Post-cessation weight gain (PCWG) facilitates short-term type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk in prediabetic smokers in the absence of complementary measures. In this shared decision-making-based non-randomized controlled trial, prediabetic smokers joined the Fight Tobacco and Stay Fit (FIT2) program or received usual care. The 16-week FIT2 program combined smoking cessation therapy with individualized coaching in diet and physical activity strategies for PCWG restriction (NCT01926041 at ClinicalTrials.gov). During a mean follow-up period of 1316 days, 217 participants (36.8%) developed T2D, and 68 (11.5%) regressed to normoglycemia. In the intention-to-treat analysis (n = 589), the FIT2 program was associated with a reduced T2D risk (HR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.40–0.84) and a higher probability of regression to normoglycemia (HR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.04–3.53) compared with usual care. The post-program quitters were at lower T2D risk (HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.44–0.92) and were more likely to regress to normoglycemia (HR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.01–3.30) compared with the controls in the time-varying analysis (n = 532). We demonstrated that the FIT2 program was negatively associated with long-term T2D risk and positively associated with the probability of regression to normoglycemia compared with usual care. To prevent T2D development, we recommend simultaneously promoting smoking abstinence and lifestyle coaching for PCWG restriction.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu13103360