Performance of Mortars Made Using Ternary Binders with Addition of Slag, Fly Ash and Limestone Exposed to a Real Environmental Condition Compatible with Exposure Class XC3

The use of eco-friendly cements prepared with ternary binders could contribute to improving the sustainability of cement production. However, their use for manufacturing commercial cements is very low, at least in Spain. The purpose of this research is to study the behavior in the long term of morta...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Materials 2021-10, Vol.14 (20), p.5937
Main Authors: Ibáñez-Gosálvez, Javier, Real-Herraiz, Teresa, Ortega, José Marcos
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Building codes
Carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide concentration
Carbonation
Cement
Cements
Concrete structures
Diffusion coefficient
Environmental conditions
Exposure
Fly ash
GGBS
Granulation
Humidity
Hydration
Limestone
Manufacturing
Mechanical properties
Microstructure
Mortars (material)
Porosity
Slag
Water absorption
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Summary:The use of eco-friendly cements prepared with ternary binders could contribute to improving the sustainability of cement production. However, their use for manufacturing commercial cements is very low, at least in Spain. The purpose of this research is to study the behavior in the long term of mortars made with ternary binders which incorporated ground granulated blast furnace slag, fly ash, and limestone, exposed to environmental conditions compatible with the specifications of exposure class XC3 of the Eurocode 2, compared to mortars without additions and mortars with binary binders. The exposure station was placed in an underground floor of a building used as a garage with circulation of vehicles and moderately high CO2 concentration. The ternary and binary binders verified the prescriptions of cement type CEM II/B. The microstructure was characterized using mercury intrusion porosimetry and electrical resistivity. Water absorption, diffusion coefficient, carbonation depth, mechanical strengths, and ultrasonic pulse velocity were determined. A loss of microstructure refinement with time was noted for all the analyzed binders, probably related to the development of carbonation and drying shrinkage. The binary mortars with slag and fly ash and the ternary binder which combined them showed the best mechanical performance at 250 days.
ISSN:1996-1944
1996-1944
DOI:10.3390/ma14205937