The effect of oat β-glucan on postprandial blood glucose and insulin responses: a systematic review and meta-analysis

To determine the effect of oat β‑glucan (OBG) on acute glucose and insulin responses and identify significant effect modifiers we searched the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases through October 27, 2020 for acute, crossover, controlled feeding trials investigating the effect of adding OBG (conc...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:European journal of clinical nutrition 2021-11, Vol.75 (11), p.1540-1554
Main Authors: Zurbau, Andreea, Noronha, Jarvis C., Khan, Tauseef A., Sievenpiper, John L., Wolever, Thomas M. S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
631/443/319/1642/137
692/700/565/2072
beta-Glucans - pharmacology
Blood glucose
Blood Glucose - analysis
Carbohydrates
Clinical Nutrition
Cross-Over Studies
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus
Dose-response effects
Epidemiology
Feeding trials
Glucan
Glucose
Humans
Insulin
Internal Medicine
Meals
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Meta-analysis
Metabolic Diseases
Postprandial Period
Public Health
Review
Review Article
Risk assessment
Weight
β-Glucan
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:To determine the effect of oat β‑glucan (OBG) on acute glucose and insulin responses and identify significant effect modifiers we searched the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases through October 27, 2020 for acute, crossover, controlled feeding trials investigating the effect of adding OBG (concentrate or oat-bran) to carbohydrate-containing test-meals compared to comparable or different carbohydrate-matched control-meals in humans regardless of health status. The primary outcome was glucose incremental area-under-the-curve (iAUC). Secondary outcomes were insulin iAUC, and glucose and insulin incremental peak-rise (iPeak). Two reviewers extracted the data and assessed risk-of-bias and certainty-of-evidence (GRADE). Data were pooled using generic inverse-variance with random-effects model and expressed as ratio-of-means with [95% CIs]. We included 103 trial comparisons ( N  = 538). OBG reduced glucose iAUC and iPeak by 23% (0.77 [0.74, 0.81]) and 28% (0.72 [0.64, 0.76]) and insulin by 22% (0.78 [0.72, 0.85]) and 24% (0.76 [0.65, 0.88]), respectively. Dose, molecular-weight, and comparator were significant effect modifiers of glucose iAUC and iPeak. Significant linear dose-response relationships were observed for all outcomes. OBG molecular-weight >300 kg/mol significantly reduced glucose iAUC and iPeak, whereas molecular-weight
ISSN:0954-3007
1476-5640
1476-5640
DOI:10.1038/s41430-021-00875-9