Effects of temperature alteration on viscosity, polymerization, and in-vivo arterial distribution of N-butyl cyanoacrylate-iodized oil mixtures

• Published in: Japanese journal of radiology 2021-11, Vol.39 (11), p.1111-1118
• Main Authors: Mine, Takahiko, Yasui, Daisuke, Saito, Hidemasa, Ueda, Tatsuo, Yokoyama, Taro, Ikeda, Shinpei, Mizushima, Shohei, Happoh, Seigoh, Kumita, Shin-ichiro
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Arteries; Blood plasma; Cooling; Cyanoacrylates; Embolization; Imaging; In vitro methods and tests; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Nuclear Medicine; Oil; Original; Original Article; Polymerization; Prolongation; Radiology; Radiotherapy; Renal artery; Temperature effects; Temperature requirements; Viscosity
• ISSN: 1867-1071; 1867-108X
• DOI: 10.1007/s11604-021-01143-3

Purpose Temperature alteration can modify the polymerization of n -butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA)-iodized oil mixtures during vascular embolization; its effects on viscosity, polymerization time, and intra-arterial distribution of the NBCA-iodized oil mixture were investigated. Materials and methods In vitro , the viscosities of NBCA, iodized oil, and NBCA-iodized oil mixtures (ratio, 1:1–8) were measured at 4–60 ºC using a rotational rheometer. The polymerization times (from contact with blood plasma to stasis) were recorded at 0–60 ºC using a high-speed video camera. In vivo, the 1:2 mixture was injected into rabbit renal arteries at 0, 20, and 60 ºC; intra-arterial distribution of the mixture was pathologically evaluated. Results The mixtures’ viscosities decreased as temperature increased; those at 60 ºC were almost four to five times lower than those at 4 ºC. The polymerization time of NBCA and the 1:1–4 mixtures increased as temperature decreased in the 0–30 ºC range; the degree of time prolongation increased as the percentage of iodized oil decreased. The 0 ºC group demonstrated distributions of the mixture within more peripheral arterial branches than the 20 and 60 ºC groups. Conclusion Warming reduces the mixture’s viscosity; cooling prolongs polymerization. Both can be potential factors to improve the handling of NBCA-iodized oil mixtures for lesions requiring peripheral delivery. Secondary abstract Temperature alteration influences the polymerization time, viscosity, and intra-arterial distribution of NBCA-iodized oil mixtures. Warming reduces the viscosity of the mixture, while cooling prolongs polymerization.