Frequently asked questions and answers (if any) in patients with adrenal incidentaloma

Purpose Adrenal incidentalomas (AIs) are incidentally discovered adrenal masses, during an imaging study undertaken for other reasons than the suspicion of adrenal disease. Their management is not a minor concern for patients and health-care related costs, since their increasing prevalence in the ag...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of endocrinological investigation 2021-12, Vol.44 (12), p.2749-2763
Main Authors: Ceccato, F., Barbot, M., Scaroni, C., Boscaro, M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adrenal Gland Neoplasms - diagnosis
Adrenal Gland Neoplasms - metabolism
Adrenal Gland Neoplasms - pathology
Adrenal Gland Neoplasms - physiopathology
Adrenal Gland Neoplasms - surgery
Adrenal Gland Neoplasms - therapy
Adrenalectomy - methods
Aging
Clinical Decision-Making
Conservative Treatment - methods
Endocrine disorders
Endocrinology
Humans
Internal Medicine
Malignancy
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Metabolic Diseases
Original
Original Article
Patient Selection
Patients
Pheochromocytoma
Secretion
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Summary:Purpose Adrenal incidentalomas (AIs) are incidentally discovered adrenal masses, during an imaging study undertaken for other reasons than the suspicion of adrenal disease. Their management is not a minor concern for patients and health-care related costs, since their increasing prevalence in the aging population. The exclusion of malignancy is the first question to attempt, then a careful evaluation of adrenal hormones is suggested. Surgery should be considered in case of overt secretion (primary aldosteronism, adrenal Cushing’s Syndrome or pheochromocytoma), however the management of subclinical secretion is still a matter of debate. Methods The aim of the present narrative review is to offer a practical guidance regarding the management of AI, by providing evidence-based answers to frequently asked questions. Conclusion The clinical experience is of utmost importance: a personalized diagnostic-therapeutic approach, based upon multidisciplinary discussion, is suggested.
ISSN:1720-8386
0391-4097
1720-8386
DOI:10.1007/s40618-021-01615-3