Genetic diversity of a global collection of maize genetic resources in relation to their subspecies assignments, geographic origin, and drought tolerance

The genetic diversity among an international collection of 40 maize accessions has been evaluated using DNA ISSR fingerprinting. Among the 180 ISSR markers scored by 15 primers, 161 markers (89.59%) were polymorphic and 19 were unique in 16 accessions. A cluster tree based on the average distance co...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Breeding Science 2021, Vol.71(3), pp.313-325
Main Authors: Soliman, Elham R. S., El-Shazly, Hanaa H., Börner, Andreas, Badr, Abdelfattah
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
abiotic stress
Biomarkers
Cluster analysis
Data analysis
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
DNA fingerprinting
Drought
Drought resistance
Gene flow
Genetic diversity
Genetic fingerprinting
Genetic resources
Low level
maize germplasm
molecular markers
Plant breeding
Principal components analysis
Research Paper
Scattering
Similarity
Structural analysis
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Summary:The genetic diversity among an international collection of 40 maize accessions has been evaluated using DNA ISSR fingerprinting. Among the 180 ISSR markers scored by 15 primers, 161 markers (89.59%) were polymorphic and 19 were unique in 16 accessions. A cluster tree based on the average distance coefficients and the Dice similarity indices divided the accessions into three major groups, each including clusters of accessions assigned to their subspecies. However, a low level of genetic differentiation among the accessions was demonstrated by the STRUCTURE analysis of ISSR data in agreement with the low gene flow (Nm) value among the accessions. A scatter diagram of the principal component analysis (PCA) based on ISSR data analysis revealed that the accessions were differentiated into three groups comparable to those produced by the cluster analysis, in which some accessions of the same subspecies showed a close similarity to each other. A scatter diagram of the principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) based on the drought tolerance indices (DTIs) showed that nine genetically similar accessions share drought tolerance characteristics; these include four of subsp. indurata, three of subsp. everata, and two of subsp. indentata. An abundance of unique ISSR alleles found in the 16 accessions, including the nine drought-tolerant accessions, represents rich untapped genetic resources and these accessions may be exploited in the future breeding of maize commercial lines.
ISSN:1344-7610
1347-3735
DOI:10.1270/jsbbs.20142