Effect of Water-Pipe Smoking on the Normal Development of Zebrafish

Background: Among all types of tobacco consumption, Water-Pipe Smoking (WPS) is the most widely used in the Middle East and second-most in several other countries. The effect of WPS on normal development is not yet fully understood, thus the aim of this study is to explore the acute toxicity effects...

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Published in:International journal of environmental research and public health 2021-11, Vol.18 (21), p.11659
Main Authors: Zakaria, Zain Zaki, Aladwi, Shaima Ahmad, Benslimane, Fatiha, Al-Absi, Enas S., Al-Shafai, Mashael, Yalcin, Huseyin C., Khalil, Ashraf, Moustafa, Ala-Eddin Al, Al-Asmakh, Maha
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acute toxicity
Apoptosis
Atrial natriuretic peptide
Brain natriuretic peptide
Danio rerio
Deregulation
Electronic cigarettes
Embryos
Gene expression
Heart
Larvae
Locomotion
Neurotoxicity
Pipes
Smoking
Tobacco
Velocity
Water pipes
Womens health
Zebrafish
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Summary:Background: Among all types of tobacco consumption, Water-Pipe Smoking (WPS) is the most widely used in the Middle East and second-most in several other countries. The effect of WPS on normal development is not yet fully understood, thus the aim of this study is to explore the acute toxicity effects of WPS extract on zebrafish larvae. Methods: In this study, we compared the effects of WPS smoke condensates at concentrations varying from 50 to 200 µg/mL on developmental, cardiac, and behavioural (neurotoxicity) functions. Gene expression patterns of cardiac biomarkers were also evaluated by RT-qPCR. Results: Exposing zebrafish embryos to 50, 100, 150 and 200 µg/mL WPS for three days did not affect the normal morphology of Zebrafish embryos, as the tail flicking, behavioural and locomotion assays did not show any change. However, WPS deregulated cardiac markers including atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP/NPPA) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP/NPPB). Furthermore, it induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: Our data demonstrate that WPS can significantly affect specific cardiac parameters during the normal development of zebrafish. Further investigations are necessary to elucidate the pathogenic outcome of WPS on different aspects of human life, including pregnancy.
ISSN:1660-4601
1661-7827
1660-4601
DOI:10.3390/ijerph182111659