Development of an entirely plasmid-based reverse genetics system for 12-segmented double-stranded RNA viruses

The family Reoviridae is a nonenveloped virus group with a double-stranded (ds) RNA genome comprising 9 to 12 segments. In the family Reoviridae, the genera Cardoreovirus, Phytoreovirus, Seadornavirus, Mycoreovirus, and Coltivirus contain virus species having 12-segmented dsRNA genomes. Reverse gene...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 2021-10, Vol.118 (42), p.1-8
Main Authors: Nouda, Ryotaro, Minami, Shohei, Kanai, Yuta, Kawagishi, Takahiro, Nurdin, Jeffery A., Yamasaki, Moeko, Kuwata, Ryusei, Shimoda, Hiroshi, Maeda, Ken, Kobayashi, Takeshi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biological Sciences
Cricetinae
DNA-directed RNA polymerase
Double-stranded RNA
Genetics
Genome, Viral
Genomes
Glycosylation
Mutation
Plasmids
Proteins
Reassortant Viruses - genetics
Reoviridae
Reoviridae - genetics
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
RNA polymerase
RNA viruses
Rotavirus
Segments
Therapeutic applications
Transfection
Viruses
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Summary:The family Reoviridae is a nonenveloped virus group with a double-stranded (ds) RNA genome comprising 9 to 12 segments. In the family Reoviridae, the genera Cardoreovirus, Phytoreovirus, Seadornavirus, Mycoreovirus, and Coltivirus contain virus species having 12-segmented dsRNA genomes. Reverse genetics systems used to generate recombinant infectious viruses are powerful tools for investigating viral gene function and for developing vaccines and therapeutic interventions. Generally, this methodology has been utilized for Reoviridae viruses such as Orthoreovirus, Orbivirus, Cypovirus, and Rotavirus, which have genomes with 10 or 11 segments, respectively. However, no reverse genetics system has been developed for Reoviridae viruses with a genome harboring 12 segments. Herein, we describe development of an entire plasmid-based reverse genetics system for Tarumizu tick virus (TarTV) (genus Coltivirus, family Reoviridae), which has a genome of 12 segments. Recombinant TarTVs were generated by transfection of 12 cloned complementary DNAs encoding the TarTV genome into baby hamster kidney cells expressing T7 RNA polymerase. Using this technology, we generated VP12 mutant viruses and demonstrated that VP12 is an N-glycosylated protein. We also generated a reporter virus expressing the HiBiT-tagged VP8 protein. This reverse genetics system will increase our understanding of not only the biology of the genus Coltivirus but also the replication machinery of the family Reoviridae.
ISSN:0027-8424
1091-6490
DOI:10.1073/pnas.2105334118