Mechanosensitivity of Cells and Its Role in the Regulation of Physiological Functions and the Implementation of Physiotherapeutic Effects (Review)

Regulatory signals in the body are not limited to chemical and electrical ones. There is another type of important signals for cells: those are mechanical signals (coming from the environment or arising from within the body), which have been less known in the literature. The review summarizes new in...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sovremennye tekhnologii v medit͡s︡ine 2020-01, Vol.12 (4), p.77-89
Main Authors: Potekhina, Yu P, Filatova, A I, Tregubova, E S, Mokhov, D E
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bone Remodeling
Cell Differentiation
Connective Tissue
Extracellular Matrix
Mechanotransduction, Cellular - physiology
Reviews
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Summary:Regulatory signals in the body are not limited to chemical and electrical ones. There is another type of important signals for cells: those are mechanical signals (coming from the environment or arising from within the body), which have been less known in the literature. The review summarizes new information on the mechanosensitivity of various cells of connective tissue and nervous system. Participation of mechanical stimuli in the regulation of growth, development, differentiation, and functioning of tissues is described. The data focus on bone remodeling, wound healing, neurite growth, and the formation of neural networks. Mechanotransduction, cellular organelles, and mechanosensitive molecules involved in these processes are discussed as well as the role of the extracellular matrix. The importance of mechanical characteristics of cells in the pathogenesis of diseases is highlighted. Finally, the possible role of mechanosensitivity in mediating the physiotherapeutic effects is addressed.
ISSN:2076-4243
2309-995X
DOI:10.17691/stm2020.12.4.10