Glucose Availability Affects Extracellular Matrix Synthesis During Chondrogenesis In Vitro

Understanding in vitro chondrogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) is important as it holds great promise for cartilage tissue engineering and other applications. The current technology produces the end tissue quality that is highly variable and dependent on culture conditions. We investi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Tissue engineering. Part A 2021-10, Vol.27 (19-20), p.1321-1332
Main Authors: Zhong, Yi, Caplan, Arnold I, Welter, Jean F, Baskaran, Harihara
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aggregates
Cartilage
Cell culture
Chondrogenesis
Extracellular Matrix
Glucose
Glycolysis
Glycosaminoglycans
Humans
Hydroxyproline
Lactic acid
Mesenchyme
Nutrient availability
Original
Original Articles
Regenerative medicine
Secretion
Stem cells
Tissue culture
Tissue engineering
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Summary:Understanding in vitro chondrogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) is important as it holds great promise for cartilage tissue engineering and other applications. The current technology produces the end tissue quality that is highly variable and dependent on culture conditions. We investigated the effect of nutrient availability on hMSC chondrogenesis in a static aggregate culture system by varying the medium-change frequency together with starting glucose levels. Glucose uptake and lactate secretion profiles were obtained to monitor the metabolism change during hMSC chondrogenesis with different culture conditions. Higher medium-change frequency led to increases in cumulative glucose uptake for all starting glucose levels. Furthermore, increase in glucose uptake by aggregates led to increased end tissue glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and hydroxyproline (HYP) content. The results suggest that increased glucose availability either through increased medium-change frequency or higher initial glucose levels lead to improved chondrogenesis. Also, cumulative glucose uptake and lactate secretion were found to correlate well with GAG and HYP content, indicating both molecules are promising biomarkers for noninvasive assessment of hMSC chondrogenesis. Collectively, our results can be used to design optimal culture conditions and develop dynamic assessment strategies for cartilage tissue engineering applications.
ISSN:1937-3341
1937-335X
DOI:10.1089/ten.tea.2020.0144