Raman Imaging and Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy for Diagnosis of Cancer State and Metabolic Monitoring

Hurdles for effective tumor therapy are delayed detection and limited effectiveness of systemic drug therapies by patient-specific multidrug resistance. Non-invasive bioimaging tools such as fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) and Raman-microspectroscopy have evolved over the last decade...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancers 2021-11, Vol.13 (22), p.5682
Main Authors: Becker, Lucas, Janssen, Nicole, Layland, Shannon L., Mürdter, Thomas E., Nies, Anne T., Schenke-Layland, Katja, Marzi, Julia
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cancer
Cancer therapies
Cell death
Diagnosis
Drug screening
Endoscopy
Energy
Fluorescence
Glycolysis
Lasers
Light
Lipids
Localization
Malignancy
Medical diagnosis
Metabolism
Metastasis
Microscopy
Mitochondria
Multidrug resistance
NADH
Organoids
Oxidative stress
Patients
Precision medicine
Raman spectroscopy
Review
Sensors
Spectrum analysis
Tumors
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Summary:Hurdles for effective tumor therapy are delayed detection and limited effectiveness of systemic drug therapies by patient-specific multidrug resistance. Non-invasive bioimaging tools such as fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) and Raman-microspectroscopy have evolved over the last decade, providing the potential to be translated into clinics for early-stage disease detection, in vitro drug screening, and drug efficacy studies in personalized medicine. Accessing tissue- and cell-specific spectral signatures, Raman microspectroscopy has emerged as a diagnostic tool to identify precancerous lesions, cancer stages, or cell malignancy. In vivo Raman measurements have been enabled by recent technological advances in Raman endoscopy and signal-enhancing setups such as coherent anti-stokes Raman spectroscopy or surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. FLIM enables in situ investigations of metabolic processes such as glycolysis, oxidative stress, or mitochondrial activity by using the autofluorescence of co-enzymes NADH and FAD, which are associated with intrinsic proteins as a direct measure of tumor metabolism, cell death stages and drug efficacy. The combination of non-invasive and molecular-sensitive in situ techniques and advanced 3D tumor models such as patient-derived organoids or microtumors allows the recapitulation of tumor physiology and metabolism in vitro and facilitates the screening for patient-individualized drug treatment options.
ISSN:2072-6694
2072-6694
DOI:10.3390/cancers13225682