Development and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Olive Pomace: Experimental Design, Kinetic and Equilibrium Studies in Nimesulide Adsorption

The lack of adequate treatment for the removal of pollutants from domestic, hospital and industrial effluents has caused great environmental concern. Therefore, there is a need to develop materials that have the capacity to treat these effluents. This work aims to develop and characterize an activat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Materials 2021-11, Vol.14 (22), p.6820
Main Authors: Raupp, Íris Nunes, Valério Filho, Alaor, Arim, Aline Lemos, Muniz, Ana Rosa Costa, da Rosa, Gabriela Silveira
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Activated carbon
Adsorbents
Adsorption
Agricultural wastes
Antibiotics
Calcium chloride
Charcoal
Charge density
Contaminants
Design of experiments
Drug dosages
Effluents
Environmental impact
Equilibrium
Experiments
Fourier transforms
Heavy metals
Industrial effluents
Industrial wastes
Pharmaceuticals
Pollutants
Pyrolysis
Raw materials
Sedimentation & deposition
Slaked lime
Stainless steels
Thermogravimetric analysis
Water treatment
Zinc chloride
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Summary:The lack of adequate treatment for the removal of pollutants from domestic, hospital and industrial effluents has caused great environmental concern. Therefore, there is a need to develop materials that have the capacity to treat these effluents. This work aims to develop and characterize an activated charcoal from olive pomace, which is an agro-industrial residue, for adsorption of Nimesulide in liquid effluent and to evaluate the adsorption kinetics and equilibrium using experimental design. The raw material was oven dried at 105 °C for 24 h, ground, chemically activated in a ratio of 1:0.8:0.2 of olive pomace, zinc chloride and calcium hydroxide and thermally activated by pyrolysis in a reactor of stainless steel at 550 °C for 30 min. The activated carbon was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray Diffractometry (XRD), Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) method, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), density and zero charge potential analysis. The surface area obtained was 650.9 m2 g−1. The kinetic and isothermal mathematical models that best described the adsorption were PSO and Freundlich and the highest adsorption capacity obtained was 353.27 mg g−1. The results obtained showed the good performance of activated carbon produced from olive pomace as an adsorbent material and demonstrated great potential for removing emerging contaminants such as Nimesulide.
ISSN:1996-1944
1996-1944
DOI:10.3390/ma14226820