Role of neutrophils, platelets, and extracellular vesicles and their interactions in COVID‐19‐associated thrombopathy

The COVID‐19 pandemic extended all around the world causing millions of deaths. In addition to acute respiratory distress syndrome, many patients with severe COVID‐19 develop thromboembolic complications associated to multiorgan failure and death. Here, we review evidence for the contribution of neu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis 2022-01, Vol.20 (1), p.17-31
Main Authors: Caillon, Antoine, Trimaille, Antonin, Favre, Julie, Jesel, Laurence, Morel, Olivier, Kauffenstein, Gilles
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Blood Platelets
COVID-19
Extracellular Traps
Extracellular Vesicles
Human health and pathology
Humans
Immune system
Inflammation
Innate immunity
Leukocytes (neutrophilic)
Life Sciences
Neutrophils
Pandemics
Platelets
Respiratory distress syndrome
Review
SARS-CoV-2
therapeutic strategy
Thromboembolism
Thrombosis
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Summary:The COVID‐19 pandemic extended all around the world causing millions of deaths. In addition to acute respiratory distress syndrome, many patients with severe COVID‐19 develop thromboembolic complications associated to multiorgan failure and death. Here, we review evidence for the contribution of neutrophils, platelets, and extracellular vesicles (EVs) to the thromboinflammatory process in COVID‐19. We discuss how the immune system, influenced by pro‐inflammatory molecules, EVs, and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), can be caught out in patients with severe outcomes. We highlight how the deficient regulation of the innate immune system favors platelet activation and induces a vicious cycle amplifying an immunothrombogenic environment associated with platelet/NET interactions. In light of these considerations, we discuss potential therapeutic strategies underlining the modulation of purinergic signaling as an interesting target.
ISSN:1538-7933
1538-7836
1538-7836
DOI:10.1111/jth.15566