Effects of Training on Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Triathletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Triathlon is an aerobic sport, which is commonly measured by maximal aerobic consumption (VO max). to analyze the changes produced in cardiorespiratory and physiological measurements during practice, which determine triathletes' performance level. A systematic review and a meta-analysis based o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of environmental research and public health 2021-12, Vol.18 (24), p.13332
Main Authors: Borrego-Sánchez, Alicia, Vinolo-Gil, Maria Jesus, de-la-Casa-Almeida, Maria, Rodríguez-Huguet, Manuel, Casuso-Holgado, María Jesús, Martín-Valero, Rocío
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Athletes
Bias
Biomechanics
Cardiorespiratory Fitness
Collaboration
Consumption
Humans
Intervention
Meta-analysis
Oxygen Consumption
Physical fitness
Physiology
Questionnaires
Review
Reviews
Segments
Software reviews
Statistical analysis
Systematic review
Triathlon
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Summary:Triathlon is an aerobic sport, which is commonly measured by maximal aerobic consumption (VO max). to analyze the changes produced in cardiorespiratory and physiological measurements during practice, which determine triathletes' performance level. A systematic review and a meta-analysis based on PRISMA protocol and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020189076) was conducted. The research was performed using PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Embase, Dialnet, Web of Science (WOS) and MEDLINE databases during February and March 2020. Studies that measured cardiorespiratory variables in triathletes published in the last 10 years were included. 713 articles were identified, with 25 studies selected for the systematic review and five articles for the meta-analysis. These articles concluded that the main cardiorespiratory variables that determine triathletes' performance were modified depending on the triathlon segment performed and the athletes' sex and age. The meta-analysis showed no conclusive results related to the effects of changes in VO max in triathletes' performance [SMD = -0.21; 95%CI: (-0.84 to 0.43)]. cardiorespiratory fitness, in terms of VO max and ventilatory thresholds, is the strongest predictor of performance in triathlon. This response may be affected depending on the triathlon segment performed and the athlete's age or sex, leading to both physiological and biomechanical alterations that affect competition performance.
ISSN:1660-4601
1661-7827
1660-4601
DOI:10.3390/ijerph182413332