Thyroid hormone acting via TRβ induces expression of browning genes in mouse bone marrow adipose tissue

• Published in: Endocrine 2017-04, Vol.56 (1), p.109-120
• Main Authors: Lindsey, Richard C., Mohan, Subburaman
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acetates - pharmacology; Adipocytes; Adipogenesis; Adipogenesis - drug effects; Adipogenesis - physiology; Adipose tissue; Adipose Tissue - drug effects; Adipose Tissue - metabolism; Age; Animal models; Animals; Body fat; Bone marrow; Bone Marrow - drug effects; Bone Marrow - metabolism; Cell Line; Cell lines; Computed tomography; Diabetes; Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry; Endocrinology; Energy metabolism; Fat metabolism; Humanities and Social Sciences; Hypothyroidism; Injection; Internal Medicine; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Mesenchyme; Mice; Mice, Knockout; multidisciplinary; Original Article; Osmium; Osteoblasts; Osteogenesis; Phenols - pharmacology; Polymerase chain reaction; Receptors, Thyrotropin - genetics; Receptors, Thyrotropin - metabolism; Rodents; Science; Stromal cells; Thyroid; Thyroid gland; Thyroid Hormone Receptors beta - genetics; Thyroid Hormone Receptors beta - metabolism; Thyroid-stimulating hormone receptors; Thyroxine - pharmacology; Triiodothyronine - pharmacology
• ISSN: 1355-008X; 1559-0100
• DOI: 10.1007/s12020-017-1265-x

Purpose Mutant hypothyroid mouse models have recently shown that thyroid hormone is critical for skeletal development during an important prepubertal growth period. Additionally, thyroid hormone negatively regulates total body fat, consistent with the well-established effects of thyroid hormone on energy and fat metabolism. Since bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells differentiate into both adipocytes and osteoblasts and a relationship between bone marrow adipogenesis and osteogenesis has been predicted, we hypothesized thyroid hormone deficiency during the postnatal growth period increases marrow adiposity in mice. Methods Marrow adiposity in TH-deficient ( Tshr −/− ) mice treated with T3/T4, TH receptor β-specific agonist GC-1, or vehicle control was evaluated via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and osmium micro-computed tomography. To further examine the mechanism for thyroid hormone regulation of marrow adiposity, we used real-time RT-PCR to measure the effects of thyroid hormone on adipocyte differentiation markers in primary mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells and two mouse cell lines in vitro and in Tshr −/− mice in vivo. Results Marrow adiposity increased >20% ( P