The Insulin-like Growth Factor Signalling Pathway in Cardiac Development and Regeneration

Insulin and Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) perform key roles during embryonic development, regulating processes of cell proliferation and survival. The IGF signalling pathway comprises two IGFs (IGF1, IGF2), two IGF receptors (IGFR1, IGFR2), and six IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) that regulate IG...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2021-12, Vol.23 (1), p.234
Main Authors: Díaz Del Moral, Sandra, Benaouicha, Maha, Muñoz-Chápuli, Ramón, Carmona, Rita
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Cardiomyocytes
Cardiomyopathy
Cardiovascular disease
Cell proliferation
Embryogenesis
Embryos
Glucose
Growth factors
Growth hormones
Heart
Heart - growth & development
Heart - physiology
Humans
Hyperplasia
Hypoplasia
Insulin
Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins - metabolism
Insulin-like growth factor I
Insulin-like growth factor II
Insulin-like growth factors
Kinases
Metabolism
Morphogenesis
Myocardium
Myocardium - metabolism
Paracrine signalling
Proteins
Receptor, IGF Type 1 - metabolism
Receptor, IGF Type 2 - metabolism
Regeneration
Review
Signal Transduction
Somatomedins - metabolism
Ventricle
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Summary:Insulin and Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) perform key roles during embryonic development, regulating processes of cell proliferation and survival. The IGF signalling pathway comprises two IGFs (IGF1, IGF2), two IGF receptors (IGFR1, IGFR2), and six IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) that regulate IGF transport and availability. The IGF signalling pathway is essential for cardiac development. IGF2 is the primary mitogen inducing ventricular cardiomyocyte proliferation and morphogenesis of the compact myocardial wall. Conditional deletion of the and the insulin receptor ( ) genes in the myocardium results in decreased cardiomyocyte proliferation and ventricular wall hypoplasia. The significance of the IGF signalling pathway during embryonic development has led to consider it as a candidate for adult cardiac repair and regeneration. In fact, paracrine IGF2 plays a key role in the transient regenerative ability of the newborn mouse heart. We aimed to review the current knowledge about the role played by the IGF signalling pathway during cardiac development and also the clinical potential of recapitulating this developmental axis in regeneration of the adult heart.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms23010234