Nucleic acid delivery of immune-focused SARS-CoV-2 nanoparticles drives rapid and potent immunogenicity capable of single-dose protection

• Published in: Cell reports (Cambridge) 2022-02, Vol.38 (5), p.110318-110318, Article 110318
• Main Authors: Konrath, Kylie M., Liaw, Kevin, Wu, Yuanhan, Zhu, Xizhou, Walker, Susanne N., Xu, Ziyang, Schultheis, Katherine, Chokkalingam, Neethu, Chawla, Himanshi, Du, Jianqiu, Tursi, Nicholas J., Moore, Alan, Adolf-Bryfogle, Jared, Purwar, Mansi, Reuschel, Emma L., Frase, Drew, Sullivan, Matthew, Fry, Benjamin, Maricic, Igor, Andrade, Viviane M., Iffland, Christel, Crispin, Max, Broderick, Kate E., Humeau, Laurent M.P.F., Patel, Ami, Smith, Trevor R.F., Pallesen, Jesper, Weiner, David B., Kulp, Daniel W.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Antibodies, Neutralizing - immunology; Binding Sites; computational design; COVID-19 - prevention & control; COVID-19 Vaccines - administration & dosage; COVID-19 Vaccines - chemistry; COVID-19 Vaccines - genetics; COVID-19 Vaccines - immunology; Cricetinae; Epitopes; glycans; Guinea Pigs; immune-focusing; Immunogenicity, Vaccine; Mice; nanoparticle; Nanoparticles - administration & dosage; Nanoparticles - chemistry; Nucleic Acid-Based Vaccines - administration & dosage; Nucleic Acid-Based Vaccines - chemistry; Nucleic Acid-Based Vaccines - genetics; Nucleic Acid-Based Vaccines - immunology; Polysaccharides - chemistry; Polysaccharides - genetics; Polysaccharides - immunology; RBD; SARS-CoV-2; SARS-CoV-2 - chemistry; SARS-CoV-2 - genetics; SARS-CoV-2 - immunology; SARS-CoV-2 Challenge; spike; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - chemistry; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - genetics; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - immunology; structure-based design; vaccine; Vaccine Potency
• ISSN: 2211-1247; 2211-1247
• DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110318

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines may target epitopes that reduce durability or increase the potential for escape from vaccine-induced immunity. Using synthetic vaccinology, we have developed rationally immune-focused SARS-CoV-2 Spike-based vaccines. Glycans can be employed to alter antibody responses to infection and vaccines. Utilizing computational modeling and in vitro screening, we have incorporated glycans into the receptor-binding domain (RBD) and assessed antigenic profiles. We demonstrate that glycan-coated RBD immunogens elicit stronger neutralizing antibodies and have engineered seven multivalent configurations. Advanced DNA delivery of engineered nanoparticle vaccines rapidly elicits potent neutralizing antibodies in guinea pigs, hamsters, and multiple mouse models, including human ACE2 and human antibody repertoire transgenics. RBD nanoparticles induce high levels of cross-neutralizing antibodies against variants of concern with durable titers beyond 6 months. Single, low-dose immunization protects against a lethal SARS-CoV-2 challenge. Single-dose coronavirus vaccines via DNA-launched nanoparticles provide a platform for rapid clinical translation of potent and durable coronavirus vaccines. [Display omitted] •Development of an automated pipeline “CWG” to screen the SARS-CoV-2 RBD for PNGS•RBD can be glycan modified for custom immune responses with improved neutralization•Glycan-modified RBD nanoparticles delivered via nucleic acid elicit strong responses against VOCs•RBD nanoparticles provide protection from lethal challenge with a single low dose Glycan engineering of immunogens is a key vaccine design strategy to focus antibodies to select epitopes. Konrath et al. create an automated pipeline to screen SARS-CoV-2 RBD for PNGS. PNGS-modified RBDs elicit enhanced ACE2-directed responses and higher neutralization. Multivalent display of glycan-engineered RBDs delivered via nucleic acid provides single-dose protection from challenge.