Investigation of Antiparasitic Activity of 10 European Tree Bark Extracts on Toxoplasma gondii and Bioguided Identification of Triterpenes in Alnus glutinosa Barks

Toxoplasmosis is a worldwide parasitosis that affects one-third of the population. People at risk, such as immunocompromised patients (AIDS, chemotherapy treatment) or fetuses (maternal-fetal transmission) can develop severe forms of the disease. The antiparasitic activity of extracts of different p...

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Published in:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2022-01, Vol.66 (1), p.e0109821-e0109821
Main Authors: Darme, Pierre, Spalenka, Jérémy, Hubert, Jane, Escotte-Binet, Sandie, Debelle, Laurent, Villena, Isabelle, Sayagh, Charlotte, Borie, Nicolas, Martinez, Agathe, Bertaux, Benjamin, Voutquenne-Nazabadioko, Laurence, Renault, Jean-Hugues, Aubert, Dominique
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Experimental Therapeutics
Parasitology
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Summary:Toxoplasmosis is a worldwide parasitosis that affects one-third of the population. People at risk, such as immunocompromised patients (AIDS, chemotherapy treatment) or fetuses (maternal-fetal transmission) can develop severe forms of the disease. The antiparasitic activity of extracts of different polarities ( -heptane, MeOH, MeOH/H O) of 10 tree species endemic to temperate regions was investigated against Toxoplasma gondii infection . Our results showed that the -heptane extract of the black alder ( ) exhibited a significant antiparasitic activity without any cytotoxicity at the tested concentrations, with an IC of up to 25.08 μg/mL and a selectivity index higher than 3.99. The chemical profiling of this extract revealed triterpenes as major constituents. The ability of commercially available triterpene (betulin, betulinic acid, and betulone) to inhibit the growth of T. gondii was evaluated and showed growth inhibition rates of 44%, 49%, and 99% at 10 μM, respectively.
ISSN:0066-4804
1098-6596
DOI:10.1128/AAC.01098-21