Kinematic and Kinetic Gait Parameters Can Distinguish between Idiopathic and Neurologic Toe-Walking

The differentiation between mild forms of toe-walking (equinus) in cerebral palsy (CP) and idiopathic toe-walking (ITW) is often clinically challenging. This study aims to define kinematic and kinetic parameters using 3D gait analysis to facilitate and secure the diagnosis of "idiopathic toe-wa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of environmental research and public health 2022-01, Vol.19 (2), p.804
Main Authors: Habersack, Andreas, Fischerauer, Stefan Franz, Kraus, Tanja, Holzer, Hans-Peter, Svehlik, Martin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ankle
Biomechanical Phenomena
Cerebral palsy
Cerebral Palsy - diagnosis
Classification
Cohort Studies
Contact angle
Electromyography
Factor analysis
Force plates
Gait
Gait Disorders, Neurologic - diagnosis
Gait recognition
Gender
Humans
Kinematics
Paralysis
Parameter sensitivity
Peers
Retrospective Studies
Sensitivity
Systematic review
Three dimensional analysis
Three dimensional motion
Toes
Walking
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Summary:The differentiation between mild forms of toe-walking (equinus) in cerebral palsy (CP) and idiopathic toe-walking (ITW) is often clinically challenging. This study aims to define kinematic and kinetic parameters using 3D gait analysis to facilitate and secure the diagnosis of "idiopathic toe-walking". We conducted a retrospective controlled stratified cohort study. 12 toe-walking subjects per group diagnosed as ITW or CP were included and stratified according to age, gender and maximal dorsiflexion in stance. We collected kinematic and kinetic data using a three-dimensional optical motion analysis system with integrated floor force plates. Pairwise comparison between ITW and CP gait data was performed, and discriminant factor analysis was conducted. Both groups were compared with typically developing peers (TD). We found kinematic and kinetic parameters having a high discriminatory power and sensitivity to distinguish between ITW and CP groups (e.g., knee angle at initial contact (91% sensitivity, 73% specificity) and foot progression angle at midstance (82% sensitivity, 73% specificity)). The strength of this study is a high discriminatory power between ITW and CP toe-walking groups. Described kinematic parameters are easy to examine even without high-tech equipment; therefore, it is directly transferable to everyday praxis.
ISSN:1660-4601
1661-7827
1660-4601
DOI:10.3390/ijerph19020804