Reactivation of transposable elements following hybridization in fission yeast

Hybridization is thought to reactivate transposable elements (TEs) that were efficiently suppressed in the genomes of the parental hosts. Here, we provide evidence for this "genomic shock hypothesis" in the fission yeast In this species, two divergent lineages ( and ) have experienced rece...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Genome research 2022-02, Vol.32 (2), p.324-336
Main Authors: Tusso, Sergio, Suo, Fang, Liang, Yue, Du, Li-Lin, Wolf, Jochen B W
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Divergence
DNA Transposable Elements - genetics
Evolution, Molecular
Genetic analysis
Genome, Fungal
Genomes
Genomics
Homologous recombination
Humans
Hybridization
Hypotheses
Insertion
Long terminal repeat
Population genetics
Positive selection
Retroelements - genetics
Schizosaccharomyces - genetics
Sequence analysis
Synteny
Terminal Repeat Sequences - genetics
Yeast
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Summary:Hybridization is thought to reactivate transposable elements (TEs) that were efficiently suppressed in the genomes of the parental hosts. Here, we provide evidence for this "genomic shock hypothesis" in the fission yeast In this species, two divergent lineages ( and ) have experienced recent, likely human-induced, hybridization. We used long-read sequencing data to assemble genomes of 37 samples derived from 31 strains spanning a wide range of ancestral admixture proportions. A comprehensive TE inventory revealed exclusive presence of long terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposons. Sequence analysis of active full-length elements, as well as solo LTRs, revealed a complex history of homologous recombination. Population genetic analyses of syntenic sequences placed insertion of many solo LTRs before the split of the and lineages. Most full-length elements were inserted more recently, after hybridization. With the exception of a single full-length element with signs of positive selection, both solo LTRs and, in particular, full-length elements carry signatures of purifying selection indicating effective removal by the host. Consistent with reactivation upon hybridization, the number of full-length LTR retrotransposons, varying extensively from zero to 87 among strains, significantly increases with the degree of genomic admixture. This study gives a detailed account of global TE diversity in , documents complex recombination histories within TE elements, and provides evidence for the "genomic shock hypothesis."
ISSN:1088-9051
1549-5469
DOI:10.1101/gr.276056.121