Elusive structure of mammalian DGKs

Mammalian diacylglycerol kinases (DGKs) are a group of enzymes that catalyze the ATP-dependent phosphorylation of diacylglycerol (DAG) to produce phosphatidic acid (PtdOH). In doing so, they modulate the levels of these two important signaling lipids. Currently, ten mammalian DGKs are organized into...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Advances in biological regulation 2022-01, Vol.83, p.100847-100847, Article 100847
Main Authors: Ma, Qianqian, Srinivasan, Lakshmi, Gabelli, Sandra B., Raben, Daniel M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Catalysis
Diacylglycerol Kinase - metabolism
Diglycerides
Enzymes
Humans
Kinases
Lipids
Mammals
Mammals - genetics
Mammals - metabolism
Phosphatidic acid
Phosphatidic Acids
Phosphorylation
Protein Isoforms
Signal Transduction
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Summary:Mammalian diacylglycerol kinases (DGKs) are a group of enzymes that catalyze the ATP-dependent phosphorylation of diacylglycerol (DAG) to produce phosphatidic acid (PtdOH). In doing so, they modulate the levels of these two important signaling lipids. Currently, ten mammalian DGKs are organized into five classes that vary with respect to domain organization, regulation, and cellular/subcellular distribution. As lipids play critical roles in cells, it is not surprising that there is increasing interest in understanding the mechanism underlying the catalysis and regulation of lipid modulating enzymes such as DGKs. However, there are no solved 3D structures for any of the eukaryotic DGKs. In this review, we summarize what is known and the current challenges in determining the structures of these important enzymes. In addition to gain critical insights into their mechanisms of catalysis and regulation, DGK structures will provide a platform for the design of isoform specific inhibitors.
ISSN:2212-4926
2212-4934
DOI:10.1016/j.jbior.2021.100847