MR1, an immunological periscope of cellular metabolism

Abstract The discovery that major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-related molecule 1 (MR1) presents microbial antigens to mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells was a significant scientific milestone in the last decade. Surveillance for foreign metabolically derived antigens added a ne...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International immunology 2022-02, Vol.34 (3), p.141-147
Main Authors: Chancellor, Andrew, Vacchini, Alessandro, De Libero, Gennaro
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:Abstract The discovery that major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-related molecule 1 (MR1) presents microbial antigens to mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells was a significant scientific milestone in the last decade. Surveillance for foreign metabolically derived antigens added a new class of target structures for immune recognition. The recent identification of a second family of MR1-restricted T cells, called MR1T cells, which show self-reactivity suggests the microbial antigens characterized so far may only represent a handful of the potential structures presented by MR1. Furthermore, the reactivity of MR1T cells towards tumours and not healthy cells indicates tight regulation in the generation of self-antigens and in MR1 expression and antigen loading. These novel and exciting observations invite consideration of new perspectives of MR1-restricted antigen presentation and its wider role within immunity and disease. MR1-retricted T cells in health and disease Graphical Abstract Graphical Abstract
ISSN:1460-2377
0953-8178
1460-2377
DOI:10.1093/intimm/dxab101