MS4A15 drives ferroptosis resistance through calcium-restricted lipid remodeling

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of cell death driven by biochemical processes that promote oxidation within the lipid compartment. Calcium (Ca 2+ ) is a signaling molecule in diverse cellular processes such as migration, neurotransmission, and cell death. Here, we uncover a crucial link betwee...

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Published in:Cell death and differentiation 2022-03, Vol.29 (3), p.670-686
Main Authors: Xin, Shan, Mueller, Constanze, Pfeiffer, Susanne, Kraft, Vanessa A. N., Merl-Pham, Juliane, Bao, Xuanwen, Feederle, Regina, Jin, Xiang, Hauck, Stefanie M., Schmitt-Kopplin, Philippe, Schick, Joel A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
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Apoptosis
Biochemical Phenomena
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Calcium
Cell Biology
Cell Cycle Analysis
Ferroptosis
Life Sciences
Lipid Peroxidation
Oxidation-Reduction
Phospholipids
Stem Cells
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Summary:Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of cell death driven by biochemical processes that promote oxidation within the lipid compartment. Calcium (Ca 2+ ) is a signaling molecule in diverse cellular processes such as migration, neurotransmission, and cell death. Here, we uncover a crucial link between ferroptosis and Ca 2+ through the identification of the novel tetraspanin MS4A15. MS4A15 localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum, where it blocks ferroptosis by depleting luminal Ca 2+ stores and reprogramming membrane phospholipids to ferroptosis-resistant species. Specifically, prolonged Ca 2+ depletion inhibits lipid elongation and desaturation, driving lipid droplet dispersion and formation of shorter, more saturated ether lipids that protect phospholipids from ferroptotic reactive species. We further demonstrate that increasing luminal Ca 2+ levels can preferentially sensitize refractory cancer cell lines. In summary, MS4A15 regulation of anti-ferroptotic lipid reservoirs provides a key resistance mechanism that is distinct from antioxidant and lipid detoxification pathways. Manipulating Ca 2+ homeostasis offers a compelling strategy to balance cellular lipids and cell survival in ferroptosis-associated diseases.
ISSN:1350-9047
1476-5403
DOI:10.1038/s41418-021-00883-z