SARS-CoV-2 Infectivity and Antibody Titer Reduction for 6 Months After Second Dose of BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccine in Health Care Workers: A Prospective Cohort Study

Abstract Several studies reported that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 antibody levels change over 6 months in participants receiving the vaccination. From the enrolled 272 health care workers (HCWs), blood samples were obtained at 2, 16, and 24 weeks after the second vaccination dos...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases 2022-08, Vol.226 (1), p.32-37
Main Authors: Kim, Namhee, Shin, Sue, Minn, Dohsik, Park, Seungman, An, Dongheui, Park, Jae Hyeon, Roh, Eun Youn, Yoon, Jong Hyun, Park, Hyunwoong
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antibodies
Antibodies, Neutralizing
Antibodies, Viral
BNT162 Vaccine
Cohort analysis
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
COVID-19 - prevention & control
Health care
Health Personnel
Humans
Immunization
Infections
Infectivity
Major
Medical personnel
mRNA
mRNA Vaccines
Prospective Studies
SARS-CoV-2
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Vaccination
Vaccines, Synthetic
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Summary:Abstract Several studies reported that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 antibody levels change over 6 months in participants receiving the vaccination. From the enrolled 272 health care workers (HCWs), blood samples were obtained at 2, 16, and 24 weeks after the second vaccination dose. In the 267 noninfected HCWs, the neutralizing antibodies decreased by 23.9%, and the anti-spike/receptor binding domain antibody decreased by 53.8% at 24 weeks. We observed no significant difference in antibody reduction between the sexes; however, in younger individuals, there was higher antibody formation and lower reduction rates of the neutralizing antibody. In 3 HCWs with breakthrough infections, the antibody levels were relatively low just before the coronavirus disease 2019 infection. In conclusion, as antibody titers decrease over time after the second vaccination dose and HCWs with low antibody titers tend to have a high probability of breakthrough infection, an additional dose should be considered after several months. Blood samples were obtained from health care workers at 2, 16, and 24 weeks after a second vaccination dose. Antibody titers decreased over time and the participants with low antibody titers tended to have a high probability of breakthrough infection.
ISSN:0022-1899
1537-6613
DOI:10.1093/infdis/jiac035