Evaluation of Sociodemographic Factors and Prevalence of Oral Lesions in People Living with HIV from Cacoal, Rondônia, Amazon Region of Brazil

• Published in: International journal of environmental research and public health 2022-02, Vol.19 (5), p.2614
• Main Authors: da Rocha, Graziela de Carvalho Tavares, Fonseca, Ricardo Roberto de Souza, Oliveira-Filho, Aldemir Branco, Ribeiro, Andre Luis Ribeiro, de Menezes, Silvio Augusto Fernandes, Laurentino, Rogério Valois, Machado, Luiz Fernando Almeida
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome; AIDS; Bacterial infections; Brazil - epidemiology; Candidiasis; CD4 antigen; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Cross-Sectional Studies; Disease; Epidemiology; Evaluation; Exocrine glands; Female; Frequency distribution; HIV; HIV Infections; Human immunodeficiency virus; Humans; Infections; Kruskal-Wallis test; Lesions; Low level; Lymphocytes; Lymphocytes T; Medical records; Mouth Diseases - epidemiology; Prevalence; Risk analysis; Risk factors; Sarcoma; Sociodemographic Factors; Sociodemographics; Socioeconomic factors; Statistical analysis; Tumors; Variance analysis; Viral infections; Viral Load; Wages & salaries
• ISSN: 1660-4601; 1661-7827; 1660-4601
• DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052614

It is necessary to evaluate and understand the prevalence and risk factors of oral lesions (OL) in people living with HIV (PLWH) who were never studied before. The present study aimed to describe the prevalence of OL and its correlation with CD4 T lymphocytes counts and HIV plasma viral load in PLWH treated in Rondônia. A cross-sectional study was carried out at Cacoal city, Rondônia state, Northern Brazil. Sociodemographic, epidemiological, immunologic and virological information of 113 PLWH were collected from medical records and dental examination was conducted to diagnose and classify OL in PLWH. Statistical analysis was performed using relative frequency distribution, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, T-student and Mann-Whitney tests. The overall prevalence of oral lesions was 28.3% (32/113), with candidiasis (7/32; 21.8%) and aphthous ulcer (7/32; 21.8%) being the most prevalent. There was a predominance of females, most patients being married, with a low level of education, a family income of 1 to 3 minimum wages and a single partner. An association was observed between the presence of oral lesions and a high viral load, as well as a lower occurrence of oral lesions in individuals with a higher count of CD4 T cells. This study reveals a low prevalence of OL among PLWH, as well as the absence of relationship between HIV viral load, CD4 T cells count and OL high prevalence.