Iron-biofortified pearl millet consumption increases physical activity in Indian adolescent schoolchildren after a 6-month randomised feeding trial

Fe deficiency has negative effects on voluntary physical activity (PA); however, the impact of consuming Fe-biofortified staple foods on voluntary PA remains unclear. This study compared the effects of consuming Fe-biofortified pearl millet or a conventional pearl millet on measures of voluntary PA...

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Published in:British journal of nutrition 2022-04, Vol.127 (7), p.1018-1025
Main Authors: Pompano, Laura M., Luna, Sarah V., Udipi, Shobha A., Ghugre, Padmini S., Przybyszewski, Eric M., Haas, Jere
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Accelerometers
Adolescent
Anemia
Biomarkers
Child
Children
Children & youth
Exercise
Food
Food, Fortified
Hostels
Human and Clinical Nutrition
Humans
Iron
Iron deficiency
Laboratories
Low income groups
Meals
Metabolism
Millet
Pennisetum
Pennisetum glaucum
Physical activity
Regression analysis
Regression models
Sedentary behavior
Teenagers
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Summary:Fe deficiency has negative effects on voluntary physical activity (PA); however, the impact of consuming Fe-biofortified staple foods on voluntary PA remains unclear. This study compared the effects of consuming Fe-biofortified pearl millet or a conventional pearl millet on measures of voluntary PA in Indian schoolchildren (ages 12–16 years) during a 6-month randomised controlled feeding trial. PA data were collected from 130 children using Actigraph GT3X accelerometers for 6 d at baseline and endline. Minutes spent in light and in moderate-to-vigorous PA were calculated from accelerometer counts using Crouter’s refined two-regression model for children. Mixed regression models adjusting for covariates were used to assess relationships between intervention treatment or change in Fe status and PA. Children who consumed Fe-biofortified pearl millet performed 22·3 (95 % CI 1·8, 42·8, P = 0·034) more minutes of light PA each day compared with conventional pearl millet. There was no effect of treatment on moderate-to-vigorous PA. The amount of Fe consumed from pearl millet was related to minutes spent in light PA (estimate 3·4 min/mg Fe (95 % CI 0·3, 6·5, P = 0·031)) and inversely related to daily sedentary minutes (estimate −5·4 min/mg Fe (95 % CI –9·9, −0·9, P = 0·020)). Consuming Fe-biofortified pearl millet increased light PA and decreased sedentary time in Indian schoolchildren in a dose-dependent manner.
ISSN:0007-1145
1475-2662
DOI:10.1017/S000711452100180X