Structural Plasticity of the Hippocampus in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Neuroplasticity is the capacity of neural networks in the brain to alter through development and rearrangement. It can be classified as structural and functional plasticity. The hippocampus is more susceptible to neuroplasticity as compared to other brain regions. Structural modifications in the hip...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2022-03, Vol.23 (6), p.3349
Main Authors: Weerasinghe-Mudiyanselage, Poornima D E, Ang, Mary Jasmin, Kang, Sohi, Kim, Joong-Sun, Moon, Changjong
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aging
Alzheimer Disease
Alzheimer's disease
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Brain
Cognitive ability
Dementia
Functional plasticity
Hippocampal plasticity
Hippocampus
Humans
Huntingtons disease
Kinases
Memory
Morphology
Multiple sclerosis
Neural networks
Neurodegenerative Diseases - drug therapy
Neuronal Plasticity - physiology
Neuroplasticity
Parkinson Disease
Parkinson's disease
Proteins
Review
Structure-function relationships
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Summary:Neuroplasticity is the capacity of neural networks in the brain to alter through development and rearrangement. It can be classified as structural and functional plasticity. The hippocampus is more susceptible to neuroplasticity as compared to other brain regions. Structural modifications in the hippocampus underpin several neurodegenerative diseases that exhibit cognitive and emotional dysregulation. This article reviews the findings of several preclinical and clinical studies about the role of structural plasticity in the hippocampus in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and multiple sclerosis. In this study, literature was surveyed using Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, to review the mechanisms that underlie the alterations in the structural plasticity of the hippocampus in neurodegenerative diseases. This review summarizes the role of structural plasticity in the hippocampus for the etiopathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and identifies the current focus and gaps in knowledge about hippocampal dysfunctions. Ultimately, this information will be useful to propel future mechanistic and therapeutic research in neurodegenerative diseases.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms23063349