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Biological Deciphering of the “Kidney Governing Bones” Theory in Traditional Chinese Medicine
The description of the “kidney” was entirely different from modern medicine. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the kidney was a functional concept regulating water metabolism, which was closely related to the urinary system, reproductive system, nervous system, endocrine, skeleton, hearing, met...
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Published in: | Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine 2022, Vol.2022, p.1685052-8 |
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description | The description of the “kidney” was entirely different from modern medicine. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the kidney was a functional concept regulating water metabolism, which was closely related to the urinary system, reproductive system, nervous system, endocrine, skeleton, hearing, metabolism, immunity, etc. In particular, the kidney in TCM plays an important regulatory role in the processes of growth, development, prime, aging, and reproduction. Hence, “Kidney Governing Bone” (KGB) was a classical theory in TCM, which hypothesized that the function of the kidney was responsible for bone health. However, the related modern physiological mechanisms of this TCM theory are unclear. This present paper proposed a new understanding and explored the biological basis of the KGB theory. After searching through plenty of reported literature, we discovered that the functions of the kidney in TCM were closely associated with the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis in modern science. The physiological mechanism of the KGB was regulated by sex hormones and their receptors. This review deciphered the connotation of the KGB theory in modern medicine and further verified the scientificity of the basic TCM theory. |
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In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the kidney was a functional concept regulating water metabolism, which was closely related to the urinary system, reproductive system, nervous system, endocrine, skeleton, hearing, metabolism, immunity, etc. In particular, the kidney in TCM plays an important regulatory role in the processes of growth, development, prime, aging, and reproduction. Hence, “Kidney Governing Bone” (KGB) was a classical theory in TCM, which hypothesized that the function of the kidney was responsible for bone health. However, the related modern physiological mechanisms of this TCM theory are unclear. This present paper proposed a new understanding and explored the biological basis of the KGB theory. After searching through plenty of reported literature, we discovered that the functions of the kidney in TCM were closely associated with the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis in modern science. The physiological mechanism of the KGB was regulated by sex hormones and their receptors. This review deciphered the connotation of the KGB theory in modern medicine and further verified the scientificity of the basic TCM theory.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1741-427X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1741-4288</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1155/2022/1685052</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35392645</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Hindawi</publisher><subject>Age ; Aging ; Androgens ; Animals ; Bone density ; Bone diseases ; Chinese medicine ; Estrogens ; Growth factors ; Growth hormones ; Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis ; Hypothalamus ; Kidneys ; Men ; Menstruation ; Metabolism ; Nervous system ; Osteoporosis ; Physiology ; Pituitary ; Pituitary gland ; Reproductive system ; Review ; Sex hormones ; Skeleton ; Testosterone ; Traditional Chinese medicine</subject><ispartof>Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine, 2022, Vol.2022, p.1685052-8</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2022 Hanmin Zhu et al.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2022 Hanmin Zhu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 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In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the kidney was a functional concept regulating water metabolism, which was closely related to the urinary system, reproductive system, nervous system, endocrine, skeleton, hearing, metabolism, immunity, etc. In particular, the kidney in TCM plays an important regulatory role in the processes of growth, development, prime, aging, and reproduction. Hence, “Kidney Governing Bone” (KGB) was a classical theory in TCM, which hypothesized that the function of the kidney was responsible for bone health. However, the related modern physiological mechanisms of this TCM theory are unclear. This present paper proposed a new understanding and explored the biological basis of the KGB theory. After searching through plenty of reported literature, we discovered that the functions of the kidney in TCM were closely associated with the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis in modern science. The physiological mechanism of the KGB was regulated by sex hormones and their receptors. This review deciphered the connotation of the KGB theory in modern medicine and further verified the scientificity of the basic TCM theory.</description><subject>Age</subject><subject>Aging</subject><subject>Androgens</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Bone density</subject><subject>Bone diseases</subject><subject>Chinese medicine</subject><subject>Estrogens</subject><subject>Growth factors</subject><subject>Growth hormones</subject><subject>Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis</subject><subject>Hypothalamus</subject><subject>Kidneys</subject><subject>Men</subject><subject>Menstruation</subject><subject>Metabolism</subject><subject>Nervous system</subject><subject>Osteoporosis</subject><subject>Physiology</subject><subject>Pituitary</subject><subject>Pituitary gland</subject><subject>Reproductive system</subject><subject>Review</subject><subject>Sex hormones</subject><subject>Skeleton</subject><subject>Testosterone</subject><subject>Traditional Chinese medicine</subject><issn>1741-427X</issn><issn>1741-4288</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kctuEzEUhi0EohfYsUaW2CDRtGN7fJkNEk1LqShiEyR2lsc-k3E1sYM9KcquDwIv1yfBUUIELFj5SP-nTz7nR-gFqU4J4fyMVpSeEaF4xekjdEhkTSY1VerxfpZfD9BRzrdVRRsp5VN0wDhrqKj5ITLnPg5x7q0Z8AVYv-wh-TDHscNjD_jh_sdH7wKs8VW8gxQ20XkMkB_uf-JZDzGtsQ94lozzo4-hWKa9LzngT-C8LeMz9KQzQ4bnu_cYfXl_OZt-mNx8vrqevruZ2LpW44Q5QjoGzkpHGusqYqXknHWi7TrCGsla0zAQbQ2tErwCLjrFHJVSuKYFR9kxerv1LlftonggjMkMepn8wqS1jsbrv5Pgez2Pd1o1ipFGFMHrnSDFbyvIo174bGEYTIC4yrocTKmGcyEL-uof9DauUtl-R5Ga87pQJ1vKpphzgm7_GVLpTXd6053edVfwl38usId_l1WAN1ugXNiZ7_7_ul8WrKPq</recordid><startdate>2022</startdate><enddate>2022</enddate><creator>Zhu, Hanmin</creator><creator>Liu, Qi</creator><creator>Li, Wei</creator><creator>Huang, Shuming</creator><creator>Zhang, Bo</creator><creator>Wang, Yumei</creator><general>Hindawi</general><general>Hindawi Limited</general><scope>RHU</scope><scope>RHW</scope><scope>RHX</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TO</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88G</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M2M</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2161-9801</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8233-1556</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7714-1184</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>2022</creationdate><title>Biological Deciphering of the “Kidney Governing Bones” Theory in Traditional Chinese Medicine</title><author>Zhu, Hanmin ; 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subjects | Age Aging Androgens Animals Bone density Bone diseases Chinese medicine Estrogens Growth factors Growth hormones Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis Hypothalamus Kidneys Men Menstruation Metabolism Nervous system Osteoporosis Physiology Pituitary Pituitary gland Reproductive system Review Sex hormones Skeleton Testosterone Traditional Chinese medicine |
title | Biological Deciphering of the “Kidney Governing Bones” Theory in Traditional Chinese Medicine |
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