Role of immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis and staging of cutaneous squamous‑cell carcinomas (Review)

Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common type of neoplasm affecting Caucasian individuals, with squamous-cell carcinoma (cSCC) being the second most common type of NMSC after basal-cell carcinoma. The immunohistochemical study of cSCC is of particular importance, especially for the diagnos...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Experimental and therapeutic medicine 2022-06, Vol.23 (6), Article 383
Main Authors: Balasescu, Elena, Gheorghe, Andreea-cristina, Moroianu, Andreea, Turcu-, Gabriela, Brinzea, Alice, Antohe, Mihaela, Hodorogea, Anastasia, Manea, Lorena, Balaban, Mihaela, Andrei, Razvan, Hulea, Ionela, Popp, Cristiana Gabriela, Nichita, Luciana, Cioplea, Mirela Daniela, Zurac, Sabina Andrada, Ion, Daniela Adriana, Nedelcu, Roxana Ioana
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Angiogenesis
Cancer therapies
Cell cycle
Cell growth
Diagnosis
Extracellular matrix
Immunohistochemistry
Inflammation
Medical diagnosis
Medical prognosis
Melanoma
Metastasis
Methods
Mortality
Radiation
Review
Risk factors
Skin cancer
Squamous cell carcinoma
Systematic review
Tumor staging
Tumors
Vascular endothelial growth factor
Womens health
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Summary:Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common type of neoplasm affecting Caucasian individuals, with squamous-cell carcinoma (cSCC) being the second most common type of NMSC after basal-cell carcinoma. The immunohistochemical study of cSCC is of particular importance, especially for the diagnosis of its rare forms, for which accurate and early diagnosis is crucial for survival. In the present review of the literature, the potentially significant value of immunohistochemical markers were highlighted to more accurately assess the biological behaviour, the prognosis of cSCC and to optimize case management. The immunohistochemical markers were classified from a pathophysiological point of view in order to present the mechanism by which carcinogenesis occurs with its subsequent evolution and therefore, to develop a more accurate novel risk staging criteria for this type of neoplasm.
ISSN:1792-0981
1792-1015
DOI:10.3892/etm.2022.11308