COVID-19 and the brain

Entering the third year into the pandemic, overwhelming evidence demonstrates that Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is a systemic illness, often with involvement of the central nervous system. Multiple mechanisms may underlie the development of neurologic manifestations of illness, incl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Trends in cardiovascular medicine 2022-08, Vol.32 (6), p.323-330
Main Authors: Hingorani, Karan S., Bhadola, Shivkumar, Cervantes-Arslanian, Anna M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Blood pressure
Central nervous system
Cerebrovascular disease
Chronic infection
CNS Vasculitis
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Cytokine storm
Delirium
Guillain-Barre syndrome
Headaches
Hemorrhage
Hospitalization
Hospitals
Hypoxia
Illnesses
Infections
Inflammation
Mortality
Neurologic complications
SARS-CoV-2
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Stroke
Thrombosis
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Summary:Entering the third year into the pandemic, overwhelming evidence demonstrates that Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is a systemic illness, often with involvement of the central nervous system. Multiple mechanisms may underlie the development of neurologic manifestations of illness, including hypoxia, systemic illness, hypercoagulability, endothelial dysfunction, general critical illness, inflammatory response, and neurotropism of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Co-V2) virus. COVID-19 infection is associated with neurologic involvement in all stages; acute infection, subacute/post-infection, and growing evidence also suggests during a chronic phase, the post-acute sequalae of COVID-19 (PASC). With over 20,000 published articles on COVID and the brain at the time of writing, it is virtually impossible to present an unbiased comprehensive review of how SARS-Co-V2 impacts the nervous system. In this review, we will present an overview of common neurologic manifestations, in particular focusing on the cerebrovascular complications, and proposed pathophysiology.
ISSN:1050-1738
1873-2615
DOI:10.1016/j.tcm.2022.04.004