Exercise Training in Post-COVID-19 Patients: The Need for a Multifactorial Protocol for a Multifactorial Pathophysiology

The battle against COVID-19 has entered a new phase with Rehabilitation Centres being among the major players, because the medical outcome of COVID-19 patients does not end with the control of pulmonary inflammation marked by a negative virology test, as many patients continue to suffer from long-CO...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of clinical medicine 2022-04, Vol.11 (8), p.2228
Main Authors: Cattadori, Gaia, Di Marco, Silvia, Baravelli, Massimo, Picozzi, Anna, Ambrosio, Giuseppe
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Chronic illnesses
Clinical medicine
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Cytokines
Disease transmission
Exercise
Fitness training programs
Immune system
Inflammation
Intensive care
Long COVID
Myocarditis
Pathophysiology
Physical fitness
Pulmonary hypertension
Quality of life
Rehabilitation
Review
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
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Summary:The battle against COVID-19 has entered a new phase with Rehabilitation Centres being among the major players, because the medical outcome of COVID-19 patients does not end with the control of pulmonary inflammation marked by a negative virology test, as many patients continue to suffer from long-COVID-19 syndrome. Exercise training is known to be highly valuable in patients with cardiac or lung disease, and it exerts beneficial effects on the immune system and inflammation. We therefore reviewed past and recent papers about exercise training, considering the multifactorial features characterizing post-COVID-19 patients' clinical conditions. Consequently, we conceived a proposal for a post-COVID-19 patient exercise protocol as a combination of multiple recommended exercise training regimens. Specifically, we built pre-evaluation and exercise training for post-COVID-19 patients taking advantage of the various programs of exercise already validated for diseases that may share pathophysiological and clinical characteristics with long-COVID-19.
ISSN:2077-0383
2077-0383
DOI:10.3390/jcm11082228