Resource-constrained time–cost-quality-energy-environment tradeoff problem by considering blockchain technology, risk and robustness: a case study of healthcare project

Blockchain Technology (BCT) is expanding day by day and is used in all pillars of life and projects. In this research, we survey applicable BCT in project management for the first time. We presented a Resource-Constrained Time–Cost-Quality-Energy-Environment Tradeoff Problem by considering BCT, Risk...

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Published in:Environmental science and pollution research international 2022-09, Vol.29 (42), p.63560-63576
Main Authors: Lotfi, Reza, Kargar, Bahareh, Gharehbaghi, Alireza, Hazrati, Hanif, Nazari, Sima, Amra, Mohsen
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aquatic Pollution
Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Blockchain
Case studies
Compacting
Confidence intervals
Cryptography
Earth and Environmental Science
Ecotoxicology
Energy
Energy costs
Environment
Environmental Chemistry
Environmental Health
Environmental science
Health care
Pollution
Project management
Research Article
Risk
Risk aversion
Robustness
Stochastic programming
Stochasticity
Tradeoffs
Waste Water Technology
Water Management
Water Pollution Control
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Summary:Blockchain Technology (BCT) is expanding day by day and is used in all pillars of life and projects. In this research, we survey applicable BCT in project management for the first time. We presented a Resource-Constrained Time–Cost-Quality-Energy-Environment Tradeoff Problem by considering BCT, Risk and Robustness (RCTCQEETPBCTRR) in project scheduling. We utilize hybrid robust stochastic programming, worst case, and Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR) to cope with uncertainty and risks. This type of robustification and risk-averse is presented in this research. A real case study is presented in a healthcare project. We utilize GAMS-CPLEX to solve the model. Finally, we analyze finish time, conservative coefficient, the confidence level of CVaR, and the number of scenarios. The most important research result is that applying BCT decreases cost, energy, and pollution and increases quality. Moreover, the total gap between RCTCQEETPBCTRR and without BCT is approximately 2.6%. When compacting finish time happens or if the conservative coefficient increases to 100%, costs, energy, and pollution environment increase, but quality decreases. If the confidence level of CVaR increases, the cost, energy, and environment function functions grow up, and quality is approximately not changed.
ISSN:0944-1344
1614-7499
DOI:10.1007/s11356-022-20334-7