In situ synthesis of SO3H supported Fe3O4@resorcinol–formaldehyde resin core/shell and its catalytic evaluation towards the synthesis of hexahydroquinoline derivatives in green conditions

A novel spherically shaped core@double-shell acidic nanocatalyst (Fe3O4@SiO2@RF–SO3H) [RF: resorcinol–formaldehyde resin] was prepared in situ and completely characterized using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, energy dispersive X-ray spectro...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:RSC advances 2020-11, Vol.10 (68), p.41703-41712
Main Authors: Barzkar, Aliyeh, Alireza Salimi Beni
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aldehydes
Ammonium acetate
Catalytic activity
Chemical synthesis
Chemistry
Derivatives
Electron microscopy
Emission analysis
Formaldehyde resins
Fourier transforms
Heterostructures
Infrared analysis
Iron oxides
Magnetic measurement
Malononitrile
Microscopy
Recyclability
Shell stability
Silicon dioxide
Spectrum analysis
Thermogravimetric analysis
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Summary:A novel spherically shaped core@double-shell acidic nanocatalyst (Fe3O4@SiO2@RF–SO3H) [RF: resorcinol–formaldehyde resin] was prepared in situ and completely characterized using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, transmission electron microscopy and field-emission scanning electron microscopy. The concentration of H+ loaded on the Fe3O4@SiO2@RF was reported to be 1.3 mmol g−1. The well-defined Fe3O4@SiO2@RF–SO3H core–shell heterostructures exhibited high stability, efficient recyclability (10 cycles), and promoted catalytic activity for one-pot condensation reaction between the aromatic aldehydes, dimedone, malononitrile, and ammonium acetate for the synthesis of hexahydroquinoline derivatives.
ISSN:2046-2069
2046-2069
DOI:10.1039/d0ra06972h