Synthesis and characterisation of highly branched polyisoprene: exploiting the "Strathclyde route" in anionic polymerisation

This work aimed at developing a synthetic route towards highly branched poly(isoprene) from commercially available raw materials, in good yield and devoid of microgelation, , to prepare a completely soluble polymer the versatile technique anionic polymerisation. The polymerisations were conducted un...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:RSC advances 2018-01, Vol.8 (21), p.11684-11692
Main Authors: Habibu, Shehu, Sarih, Norazilawati Muhamad, Mainal, Azizah
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anionic polymerization
Butyllithium
Chemistry
Divinylbenzene
High vacuum
Isoprene
Lithium
NMR
NMR spectroscopy
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Polymerization
Raw materials
Rheological properties
Rheology
Size exclusion chromatography
Spectrum analysis
Toluene
Vinyl polymers
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Summary:This work aimed at developing a synthetic route towards highly branched poly(isoprene) from commercially available raw materials, in good yield and devoid of microgelation, , to prepare a completely soluble polymer the versatile technique anionic polymerisation. The polymerisations were conducted under high vacuum conditions using -butyllithium as initiator at 50 °C in toluene. Toluene served both as a solvent and as a chain-transfer agent. The polar modifier used was tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA), and a commercial mixture of divinylbenzene (DVB) was employed as the branching agent for the "living" poly(isoprenyl)lithium anions. The nature of the reaction was studied on the TMEDA/Li ratio as well as the DVB/Li ratio. The obtained branched polymers were characterised by triple detection size exclusion chromatography (SEC), proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( H NMR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and melt rheology. Broad molecular weight distributions have been obtained for the highly branched polymer products. H NMR spectroscopy reveals the dominance of 3,4-polyisoprene microstructure. It was found that the complex viscosities and dynamic moduli of the branched samples were much lower compared to their linear counterparts. The results conform with earlier findings by the "Strathclyde team" for radical polymerisation systems. This methodology has the potential of providing soluble branched vinyl polymers at low cost using the readily available raw materials.
ISSN:2046-2069
2046-2069
DOI:10.1039/c8ra00884a