Association of Vitamin D Deficiency and Vitamin D Receptor Genetic Variants With Coronary Artery Disease in Type 2 Diabetic Saudi Patients

• Published in: In vivo (Athens) 2022-05, Vol.36 (3), p.1444-1452
• Main Authors: Shafie, Alaa, Askary, Ahmad El, Almehmadi, Mazen, Allam, Hatem H, Elsayyad, Lamiaa K, Hassan, Asmaa F, Althobaiti, Bader B, Nadheef, Amin, Alharthi, Aisha H, Gharib, Amal F
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Cholesterol, LDL - genetics; Coronary Artery Disease - complications; Coronary Artery Disease - genetics; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - genetics; Female; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humans; Male; Receptors, Calcitriol - genetics; Saudi Arabia - epidemiology; Vitamin D Deficiency - complications; Vitamin D Deficiency - genetics
• ISSN: 0258-851X; 1791-7549
• DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12850

Vitamin D deficiency accelerates the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) have been linked to coronary artery disease (CAD). This study aimed to evaluate the association of vitamin D deficiency and VDR polymorphism with CAD in T2DM. A total of 150 adult male and female subjects, aged from 40 to 60 years, were divided into three groups, each with 50 subjects; control group, T2DM, and T2DM with CAD. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), HDL-C, LDL-C, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH D) were assessed. VDR genotypes (BsmI, Taq1 and FOK1) were investigated by polymerase chain reaction fragment length polymorphism. There was a significant negative correlation between serum 25-OH D and FBG, TC, TG, and LDL-C levels, and a positive correlation with HDL-C levels in all diabetic patient groups. The risk of CAD was markedly higher in the group of T2DM with CAD in comparison to the control (p