Effect of elevated fasting blood glucose level on the 1‐year mortality and sequelae in hospitalized COVID‐19 patients: A bidirectional cohort study

To observe the predictive effect of fasting blood glucose (FBG) level on the prognosis, clinical sequelae, and pulmonary absorption in hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients with and without a history of diabetes, respectively, and to evaluate the correlation between the dynamic c...

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Published in:Journal of medical virology 2022-07, Vol.94 (7), p.3240-3250
Main Authors: Chai, Chen, Chen, Kui, Li, Shoupeng, Cheng, Gang, Wang, Wendan, Wang, Hongxiang, Wei, Dunshuang, Peng, Cao, Sun, Qi, Tang, Zehai
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
1‐year mortality
Absorption
Blood
Blood glucose
Blood Glucose - analysis
clinical sequelae
Cohort analysis
Cohort Studies
Complications
Confidence intervals
coronavirus disease 2019
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
COVID-19 - complications
Diabetes
Diabetes Mellitus
Disease Progression
Fasting
fasting blood glucose
Glucose
Hospitalization
Humans
Hyperglycemia
Laboratory testing
Medical prognosis
Mortality
nondiabetics
Patients
Prognosis
Regression analysis
Retrospective Studies
Risk analysis
Risk Factors
Statistical analysis
Viral diseases
Virology
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creator Chai, Chen
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Peng, Cao
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Tang, Zehai
description To observe the predictive effect of fasting blood glucose (FBG) level on the prognosis, clinical sequelae, and pulmonary absorption in hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients with and without a history of diabetes, respectively, and to evaluate the correlation between the dynamic changes of FBG and poor prognosis. In this bidirectional cohort study, we enrolled 2545 hospitalized COVID‐19 patients (439 diabetics and 2106 without a diabetic history) and followed up for 1 year. The patients were divided according to the level of admission FBG. The dynamic changes of FBG were compared between the survival and the death cases. The prediction effect of FBG on 1‐year mortality and sequelae was analyzed. The 1‐year all cause mortality rate and in‐hospital mortality rate of COVID‐19 patients were J‐curve correlated with FBG (p 
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In this bidirectional cohort study, we enrolled 2545 hospitalized COVID‐19 patients (439 diabetics and 2106 without a diabetic history) and followed up for 1 year. The patients were divided according to the level of admission FBG. The dynamic changes of FBG were compared between the survival and the death cases. The prediction effect of FBG on 1‐year mortality and sequelae was analyzed. The 1‐year all cause mortality rate and in‐hospital mortality rate of COVID‐19 patients were J‐curve correlated with FBG (p &lt; 0.001 for both in the nondiabetic history group, p = 0.004 and p = 0.01 in the diabetic history group). FBG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L had a higher risk of developing sequelae (p = 0.025) and have slower recovery of abnormal lung scans (p &lt; 0.001) in patients who denied a history of diabetes. Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that FBG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L was an independent risk factor for the mortality of COVID‐19 regardless of the presence or deny a history of diabetes (hazard atio [HR] = 10.63, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.15−15.83, p &lt; 0.001; HR = 3.9, 95% CI: 1.56−9.77, p = 0.004, respectively). Our study shows that FBG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L can be a predictive factor of 1‐year all‐cause mortality in COVID‐19 patients, independent of diabetes history. FBG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L has an advantage in predicting the severity, clinical sequelae, and pulmonary absorption in COVID‐19 patients without a history of diabetes. Early detection, timely treatment, and strict control of blood glucose when finding hyperglycemia in COVID‐19 patients (with or without diabetes) are critical for their prognosis.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0146-6615</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1096-9071</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27737</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35357022</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>1‐year mortality ; Absorption ; Blood ; Blood glucose ; Blood Glucose - analysis ; clinical sequelae ; Cohort analysis ; Cohort Studies ; Complications ; Confidence intervals ; coronavirus disease 2019 ; Coronaviruses ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 - complications ; Diabetes ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Disease Progression ; Fasting ; fasting blood glucose ; Glucose ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; Laboratory testing ; Medical prognosis ; Mortality ; nondiabetics ; Patients ; Prognosis ; Regression analysis ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk analysis ; Risk Factors ; Statistical analysis ; Viral diseases ; Virology</subject><ispartof>Journal of medical virology, 2022-07, Vol.94 (7), p.3240-3250</ispartof><rights>2022 The Authors. published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.</rights><rights>2022 The Authors. 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Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4437-be26c313a3931e0845ac99cc0c12b63d32b556740638af35d83c199fe0525a913</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4437-be26c313a3931e0845ac99cc0c12b63d32b556740638af35d83c199fe0525a913</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-9552-6392 ; 0000-0002-6392-3529 ; 0000-0002-3910-1402 ; 0000-0002-2823-1009 ; 0000-0002-5009-8013 ; 0000-0002-6009-3427 ; 0000-0002-2499-3604 ; 0000-0001-5659-0810</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35357022$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Chai, Chen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Kui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Shoupeng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cheng, Gang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Wendan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Hongxiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wei, Dunshuang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peng, Cao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sun, Qi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tang, Zehai</creatorcontrib><title>Effect of elevated fasting blood glucose level on the 1‐year mortality and sequelae in hospitalized COVID‐19 patients: A bidirectional cohort study</title><title>Journal of medical virology</title><addtitle>J Med Virol</addtitle><description>To observe the predictive effect of fasting blood glucose (FBG) level on the prognosis, clinical sequelae, and pulmonary absorption in hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients with and without a history of diabetes, respectively, and to evaluate the correlation between the dynamic changes of FBG and poor prognosis. In this bidirectional cohort study, we enrolled 2545 hospitalized COVID‐19 patients (439 diabetics and 2106 without a diabetic history) and followed up for 1 year. The patients were divided according to the level of admission FBG. The dynamic changes of FBG were compared between the survival and the death cases. The prediction effect of FBG on 1‐year mortality and sequelae was analyzed. The 1‐year all cause mortality rate and in‐hospital mortality rate of COVID‐19 patients were J‐curve correlated with FBG (p &lt; 0.001 for both in the nondiabetic history group, p = 0.004 and p = 0.01 in the diabetic history group). FBG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L had a higher risk of developing sequelae (p = 0.025) and have slower recovery of abnormal lung scans (p &lt; 0.001) in patients who denied a history of diabetes. Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that FBG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L was an independent risk factor for the mortality of COVID‐19 regardless of the presence or deny a history of diabetes (hazard atio [HR] = 10.63, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.15−15.83, p &lt; 0.001; HR = 3.9, 95% CI: 1.56−9.77, p = 0.004, respectively). Our study shows that FBG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L can be a predictive factor of 1‐year all‐cause mortality in COVID‐19 patients, independent of diabetes history. FBG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L has an advantage in predicting the severity, clinical sequelae, and pulmonary absorption in COVID‐19 patients without a history of diabetes. 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In this bidirectional cohort study, we enrolled 2545 hospitalized COVID‐19 patients (439 diabetics and 2106 without a diabetic history) and followed up for 1 year. The patients were divided according to the level of admission FBG. The dynamic changes of FBG were compared between the survival and the death cases. The prediction effect of FBG on 1‐year mortality and sequelae was analyzed. The 1‐year all cause mortality rate and in‐hospital mortality rate of COVID‐19 patients were J‐curve correlated with FBG (p &lt; 0.001 for both in the nondiabetic history group, p = 0.004 and p = 0.01 in the diabetic history group). FBG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L had a higher risk of developing sequelae (p = 0.025) and have slower recovery of abnormal lung scans (p &lt; 0.001) in patients who denied a history of diabetes. Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that FBG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L was an independent risk factor for the mortality of COVID‐19 regardless of the presence or deny a history of diabetes (hazard atio [HR] = 10.63, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.15−15.83, p &lt; 0.001; HR = 3.9, 95% CI: 1.56−9.77, p = 0.004, respectively). Our study shows that FBG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L can be a predictive factor of 1‐year all‐cause mortality in COVID‐19 patients, independent of diabetes history. FBG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L has an advantage in predicting the severity, clinical sequelae, and pulmonary absorption in COVID‐19 patients without a history of diabetes. 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subjects 1‐year mortality
Absorption
Blood
Blood glucose
Blood Glucose - analysis
clinical sequelae
Cohort analysis
Cohort Studies
Complications
Confidence intervals
coronavirus disease 2019
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
COVID-19 - complications
Diabetes
Diabetes Mellitus
Disease Progression
Fasting
fasting blood glucose
Glucose
Hospitalization
Humans
Hyperglycemia
Laboratory testing
Medical prognosis
Mortality
nondiabetics
Patients
Prognosis
Regression analysis
Retrospective Studies
Risk analysis
Risk Factors
Statistical analysis
Viral diseases
Virology
title Effect of elevated fasting blood glucose level on the 1‐year mortality and sequelae in hospitalized COVID‐19 patients: A bidirectional cohort study
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