Molecular epidemiology of influenza A virus infection in Cyprus in four consecutive seasons (2009 pandemic–2013)

The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of influenza A virus infection in Cyprus from the 2009 pandemic until 2013. Pandemic influenza A(H1N1)2009 virus infections outnumbered infections with other respiratory viruses until the end of 2009. The pandemic virus was also the prevalent...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Epidemiology and infection 2014-05, Vol.142 (5), p.975-983
Main Authors: PANAYIOTOU, C., RICHTER, J., BASHIARDES, S., KOPTIDES, D., TRYFONOS, C., CHRISTODOULOU, C.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acids
Adolescent
Adult
Biological and medical sciences
Child
Child, Preschool
Cyprus - epidemiology
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gene expression
Genes, Viral
Genetic mutation
H1N1 subtype influenza A virus
Humans
Infant
Infections
Influenza
Influenza A virus
Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype - classification
Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype - genetics
Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype - isolation & purification
Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype - classification
Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype - genetics
Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype - isolation & purification
Influenza, Human - epidemiology
Influenza, Human - immunology
Influenza, Human - virology
Microbiology
Middle Aged
Miscellaneous
Molecular Epidemiology
Mutation
Original Papers
Orthomyxoviridae
Pandemics
Phylogenetics
Phylogeny
Virology
Viruses
Young Adult
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Summary:The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of influenza A virus infection in Cyprus from the 2009 pandemic until 2013. Pandemic influenza A(H1N1)2009 virus infections outnumbered infections with other respiratory viruses until the end of 2009. The pandemic virus was also the prevalent influenza strain during influenza season 2010–2011; however, it was completely replaced by H3N2 subtype in the next season. During the most recent influenza season, 2012–2013, the pandemic strain was once again the only influenza A virus circulating in Cyprus. Full-length neuraminidase gene sequencing revealed mutations that had previously been identified as permissive. No significant difference in the expression of the IFN-inducible genes OAS and IFIT1 were observed. The phylogenetic analysis of the neuraminidase gene sequences revealed a picture of continuous importation of influenza strains in the island of Cyprus with local circulation playing only a minor role in determining the prevalent strain of the next influenza season.
ISSN:0950-2688
1469-4409
DOI:10.1017/S0950268813002689