The Effects of Acidosis on eNOS in the Systemic Vasculature: A Focus on Early Postnatal Ontogenesis

The activity of many vasomotor signaling pathways strongly depends on extracellular/intracellular pH. Nitric oxide (NO) is one of the most important vasodilators produced by the endothelium. In this review, we present evidence that in most vascular beds of mature mammalian organisms metabolic or res...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2022-05, Vol.23 (11), p.5987
Main Authors: Gaynullina, Dina K, Tarasova, Olga S, Shvetsova, Anastasia A, Borzykh, Anna A, Schubert, Rudolf
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acidosis
Acidosis - metabolism
Adult
Animals
Asphyxia
Blood Pressure
Contractility
Endothelium
Endothelium, Vascular - metabolism
Enzymatic activity
Enzymes
Humans
Infant, Newborn
Intracellular signalling
Kinases
Mammals - metabolism
Metabolism
Metabolites
Neonates
Nitric oxide
Nitric Oxide - metabolism
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III - metabolism
Phosphorylation
Proteins
Review
Signal transduction
Smooth muscle
Vasodilator Agents - pharmacology
Veins & arteries
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Summary:The activity of many vasomotor signaling pathways strongly depends on extracellular/intracellular pH. Nitric oxide (NO) is one of the most important vasodilators produced by the endothelium. In this review, we present evidence that in most vascular beds of mature mammalian organisms metabolic or respiratory acidosis increases functional endothelial NO-synthase (eNOS) activity, despite the observation that direct effects of low pH on eNOS enzymatic activity are inhibitory. This can be explained by the fact that acidosis increases the activity of signaling pathways that positively regulate eNOS activity. The role of NO in the regulation of vascular tone is greater in early postnatal ontogenesis compared to adulthood. Importantly, in early postnatal ontogenesis acidosis also augments functional eNOS activity and its contribution to the regulation of arterial contractility. Therefore, the effect of acidosis on total peripheral resistance in neonates may be stronger than in adults and can be one of the reasons for an undesirable decrease in blood pressure during neonatal asphyxia. The latter, however, should be proven in future studies.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms23115987