The Role of Heparin in COVID-19: An Update after Two Years of Pandemics

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and coagulopathy, especially in critically ill patients. Endothelial damage induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is emerging as a crucial pathogenetic mechanism...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of clinical medicine 2022-05, Vol.11 (11), p.3099
Main Authors: Mangiafico, Marco, Caff, Andrea, Costanzo, Luca
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anticoagulants
Clinical medicine
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Kinases
Review
Thromboembolism
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Summary:Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and coagulopathy, especially in critically ill patients. Endothelial damage induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is emerging as a crucial pathogenetic mechanism for the development of complications in an acute phase of the illness and for several postdischarge sequalae. Heparin has been shown to have a positive impact on COVID-19 due to its anticoagulant function. Moreover, several other biological actions of heparin were postulated: a potential anti-inflammatory and antiviral effect through the main protease (M ) and heparansulfate (HS) binding and a protection from the damage of vascular endothelial cells. In this paper, we reviewed available evidence on heparin treatment in COVID-19 acute illness and chronic sequalae, focusing on the difference between prophylactic and therapeutic dosage.
ISSN:2077-0383
2077-0383
DOI:10.3390/jcm11113099