Food Additive Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: Dissolution, Interaction, Fate, Cytotoxicity, and Oral Toxicity

Food additive zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used as a Zn supplement in the food and agriculture industries. However, ZnO NPs are directly added to complex food-matrices and orally taken through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract where diverse matrices are present. Hence, the dissoluti...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2022-05, Vol.23 (11), p.6074
Main Authors: Youn, Su-Min, Choi, Soo-Jin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Body fluids
Cell division
Cytotoxicity
Dietary supplements
Dissolution
Food additives
Food Additives - toxicity
Food industry
Metal Nanoparticles
Nanoparticles
Nanoparticles - toxicity
Oral administration
Particle size
Physiological effects
Review
Solubility
Sports drinks
Zinc oxide
Zinc Oxide - toxicity
Zinc oxides
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Summary:Food additive zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used as a Zn supplement in the food and agriculture industries. However, ZnO NPs are directly added to complex food-matrices and orally taken through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract where diverse matrices are present. Hence, the dissolution properties, interactions with bio- or food-matrices, and the ionic/particle fates of ZnO NPs in foods and under physiological conditions can be critical factors to understand and predict the biological responses and oral toxicity of ZnO NPs. In this review, the solubility of ZnO NPs associated with their fate in foods and the GI fluids, the qualitative and quantitative determination on the interactions between ZnO NPs and bio- or food-matrices, the approaches for the fate determination of ZnO NPs, and the interaction effects on the cytotoxicity and oral toxicity of ZnO NPs are discussed. This information will be useful for a wide range of ZnO applications in the food industry at safe levels.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms23116074