Role of phasiRNAs in plant-pathogen interactions: molecular perspectives and bioinformatics tools

The genome of an organism is regulated in concert with the organized action of various genetic regulators at different hierarchical levels. Small non-coding RNAs are one of these regulators, among which microRNAs (miRNAs), a distinguished sRNA group with decisive functions in the development, growth...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Physiology and molecular biology of plants 2022-05, Vol.28 (5), p.947-961
Main Authors: Jyothsna, S., Alagu, Manickavelu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bioinformatics
Biological and Medical Physics
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biophysics
Cell Biology
Computer applications
Defense mechanisms
Genomes
Life Sciences
Loci
miRNA
Non-coding RNA
Plant Physiology
Plant Sciences
Precursors
Regulation
Regulatory mechanisms (biology)
Review
Review Article
Software
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Summary:The genome of an organism is regulated in concert with the organized action of various genetic regulators at different hierarchical levels. Small non-coding RNAs are one of these regulators, among which microRNAs (miRNAs), a distinguished sRNA group with decisive functions in the development, growth and stress-responsive activities of both plants as well as animals, are keenly explored over a good number of years. Recent studies in plants revealed that apart from the silencing activity exhibited by miRNAs on their targets, miRNAs of specific size and structural features can direct the phasing pattern of their target loci to form phased secondary small interfering RNAs (phasiRNAs). These trigger-miRNAs were identified to target both coding and long non-coding RNAs that act as potent phasiRNA precursors or PHAS loci. The phasiRNAs produced thereby exhibit a role in enhancing further downstream regulation either on their own precursors or on those transcripts that are distinct from their genetic source of origin. Hence, these tiny regulators can stimulate an elaborative cascade of interacting RNA networks via cis and trans -regulatory mechanisms. Our review focuses on the comprehensive understanding of phasiRNAs and their trigger miRNAs, by giving much emphasis on their role in the regulation of plant defense responses, together with a summary of the computational tools available for the prediction of the same.
ISSN:0971-5894
0974-0430
DOI:10.1007/s12298-022-01189-1