Liquid Biopsy in Head and Neck Cancer: Current Evidence and Future Perspective on Squamous Cell, Salivary Gland, Paranasal Sinus and Nasopharyngeal Cancers

Head and neck cancer (HNC) is currently the sixth most common solid malignancy, accounting for a 50% five-year mortality rate. In the past decade, substantial improvements in understanding its molecular biology have allowed for a growing development of new biomarkers. Among these, the field of liqui...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancers 2022-06, Vol.14 (12), p.2858
Main Authors: Cabezas-Camarero, Santiago, Pérez-Segura, Pedro
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomarkers
Biopsy
Body fluids
Cancer therapies
Chemotherapy
Clinical trials
Epidermal growth factor
Epstein-Barr virus
Exocrine glands
Flow cytometry
Head & neck cancer
Head and neck carcinoma
Human papillomavirus
Lymphatic system
Malignancy
Medical prognosis
Metastasis
miRNA
Paranasal sinus
Review
Saliva
Salivary gland
Solid tumors
Squamous cell carcinoma
Tumor cells
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Summary:Head and neck cancer (HNC) is currently the sixth most common solid malignancy, accounting for a 50% five-year mortality rate. In the past decade, substantial improvements in understanding its molecular biology have allowed for a growing development of new biomarkers. Among these, the field of liquid biopsy has seen a sustained growth in HNC, demonstrating the feasibility to detect different liquid biomarkers such as circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), circulating tumor cells (CTC), extracellular vesicles and microRNAs. Liquid biopsy has been studied in HPV-negative squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) but also in other subentities such as HPV-related SCCHN, EBV-positive nasopharyngeal cancer and oncogene-driven salivary gland cancers. However, future studies should be internally and externally validated, and ideally, clinical trials should incorporate the use of liquid biomarkers as endpoints in order to prospectively demonstrate their role in HNC. A thorough review of the current evidence on liquid biopsy in HNC as well as its prospects will be conducted.
ISSN:2072-6694
2072-6694
DOI:10.3390/cancers14122858