Effect of Cooling Rate on Mechanical Properties, Translucency, Opalescence, and Light Transmission Properties of Monolithic 4Y-TZP during Glazing

A standard cooling rate has not been established for glazing; therefore, the effects of the cooling rate on the properties of zirconia need to be evaluated to predict outcomes in clinical practice. 4Y-TZP glazed at three different cooling rates was analyzed to estimate the effect of cooling rate dur...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Materials 2022-06, Vol.15 (12), p.4357
Main Authors: Jeong, Ji-In, Shin, Hye-Jeong, Kwon, Yong Hoon, Seol, Hyo-Joung
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cooling
Cooling effects
Cooling rate
Emission analysis
Enamel
Evaluation
Flexural strength
Glazing
Grain size
Hardness tests
Light transmission
Manufacturers
Manufacturing
Mechanical properties
Opalescence
Optical properties
Parameters
Porcelain
Prostheses
Scanning electron microscopy
Schedules
Sintering
Teeth
Tetragonal zirconia polycrystals
Transmittance
Zirconium dioxide
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Summary:A standard cooling rate has not been established for glazing; therefore, the effects of the cooling rate on the properties of zirconia need to be evaluated to predict outcomes in clinical practice. 4Y-TZP glazed at three different cooling rates was analyzed to estimate the effect of cooling rate during glazing on the mechanical and optical properties. Hardness tests, field-emission scanning electron microscopy analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, flexural strength measurement, and optical property evaluations were performed. When 4Y-TZP was glazed at a higher cooling rate (Cooling-1) than the normal cooling rate (Cooling-2), there was no significant difference in grain size, flexural strength, average transmittance, and translucency parameters. The hardness was slightly reduced. The opalescence parameter was reduced for the 2.03 mm thick specimens. When 4Y-TZP was glazed at a lower cooling rate (Cooling-3) than the normal cooling rate, there was no significant difference in hardness, grain size, flexural strength, and translucency parameters. In addition, the average transmittance and opalescence parameters were slightly reduced for the 0.52 and 2.03 mm specimens, respectively. The effects of the cooling rate during glazing on the mechanical and optical properties of 4Y-TZP appear to be minimal and clinically insignificant. Therefore, even if the cooling rate cannot be strictly controlled during glazing, the clinical outcomes will not be significantly affected.
ISSN:1996-1944
1996-1944
DOI:10.3390/ma15124357