Are There Any Cardioprotective Effects or Safety Concerns of Erythropoietin in Patients With Myocardial Infarction? A Systematic Review

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a global cause of morbidity and mortality. MI is the outcome of a chronic process termed atherosclerosis, a buildup of fatty and other substances called plaques inside the coronary vessels, causing hardening and thickening of the arterial wall. Erythropoietin (EPO) is a...

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Published in:Curēus (Palo Alto, CA) CA), 2022-06, Vol.14 (6), p.e25671
Main Authors: Jean-Baptiste, Wilford, Yusuf Ali, Amina, Inyang, Bithaiah, Koshy, Feeba Sam, George, Kitty, Poudel, Prakar, Chalasani, Roopa, Goonathilake, Mastiyage R, Waqar, Sara, George, Sheeba, Mohammed, Lubna
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bias
Cardiovascular disease
Clinical trials
Cross-sectional studies
Dentistry
Drug dosages
Heart attacks
Hypoxia
Internal Medicine
Ischemia
Meta-analysis
Metabolism
Search strategies
Systematic review
Thrombosis
Toxicology
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Summary:Myocardial infarction (MI) is a global cause of morbidity and mortality. MI is the outcome of a chronic process termed atherosclerosis, a buildup of fatty and other substances called plaques inside the coronary vessels, causing hardening and thickening of the arterial wall. Erythropoietin (EPO) is a pleiotropic cytokine released mainly by the kidneys in adults. Besides its well-known erythropoietic functions, EPO possesses anti-apoptotic, mitogenic, and angiogenic effects. This review aims to analyze the strength of any therapeutic or protective value of EPO on the heart and safety concerns regarding its administration in MI individuals. This systematic review was performed based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. Four databases (PubMed, PubMed Central, Google Scholar, and Sciences Direct) were employed to search for articles published in the last 10 years. Focused studies were relevant articles in the English language, trials, reviews, meta-analyses, and studies with a control group. Following the quality assessment process, nine studies were eligible and hence were included in the review consisting of six randomized controlled trials and three systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Contrary to preclinical studies, EPO administration did not significantly have notable effects on mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events, or infarction size reduction. Significant left ventricle ejection fraction amelioration was not appreciated either. However, EPO seems to reduce the incidence of post-MI arrhythmias.
ISSN:2168-8184
2168-8184
DOI:10.7759/cureus.25671